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. 2019 Aug 2;5:2. doi: 10.1186/s40695-019-0046-5

Table 2.

Univariate random-effects models for abdominal pain severity (β1) with age as predictor (β2) and with covariates (β3) individually entered

Mean Values Standard Deviations Number
(p - values)
Intercept Slope Covariate ntercept Slope Residual Error
Predictor β1a β2a β3a σ1b σ2b σ3b Women Observations
Age (47.6 years) 0.23 −.003 (0.220) 0.29 0.02 0.36 291 6977
Reproductive Aging Markers
 Late Reproductive c 0.24 (<  0.001) −0.001 (0.750) 0.29 0.02 0.36 291 6977
 Early MT − 0.001 (0.970)
 Late MT −0.007 (0.780)
 Early PM − 0.04 (0.160)
 Urinary Estrone (ng/mg creatinine, Log10) 0.20 (<  0.001) − 0.01 (<  0.001) − 0.04 (0.020) 0.28 0.01 0.35 131 4908
 Urinary FSH (mIU/mg creatintine, Log10) 0.20 (<  0.001) −0.01 (<  0.001) − 0.004 (0.720) 0.28 0.02 0.35 131 4996
 Urinary Testosterone (ng/mg creatinine, Log10) 0.20 (<  0.001) −0.01 (<  0.001) − 0.03 (0.020) 0.28 0.02 0.35 131 4975
Stress-related Biomarkers
 Urinary Cortisol (ng/mg creatinine, Log10) 0.20 (<  0.001) −0.01 (<  0.001) − 0.01 (0.310) 0.28 0.02 0.35 131 4993
 Urinary Epinephrine (ng/mg creatinine, Log10) 0.20 (<  0.001) −0.01 (<  0.001) 0.0004 (0.940) 0.28 0.01 0.35 130 3325
 Urinary Norepinephrine (ng/mg creatinine, Log10) 0.20 (<  0.001) −0.01 (<  0.001) 0.005 (0.820) 0.27 0.01 0.35 130 3329
Stress-related Perceptions
 Perceived Stress (1–6) 0.21 (<  0.001) − 0.003 (0.280) 0.009 (0.060) 0.29 0.02 0.36 291 6977
 Tension (0–4) 0.20 (<  0.001) −0.003 (0.190) 0.05 (< 0.001) 0.28 0.02 0.36 291 6977
 Anxiety (0–4) 0.19 (<  0.001) −0.003 (0.190) 0.06 (< 0.001) 0.27 0.02 0.36 291 6977

a β1, β2, β3 are the fixed effects (group averages) for the intercept, slope and covariate, respectively. β1 represents the mean value in abdominal pain severity for all women in the sample at the mean centered age (47.6 years); β2 represents the rate and direction (+ or -) of change in abdominal pain severity per year; and β3 represents the change in mean abdominal pain severity score for every unit of change in covariate score, when the covariate is added to the model

b σ1, σ2, σ3 are the random effects (variability) for the intercept, slope and residual error, respectively

c Reference group for this categorical variable