Table 3.
Measures | Group CE (n=43) or SC (n=48) | Week 3 | Week 6 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | 95% CI | P | Mean (SD) | 95% CI | P | |||
Positive emotions | Pleasure | CE | 3.23 (1.65) | 0.309–1.740 | 0.006a | 3.77 (1.445) | 0.191–1.635 | 0.014a |
SC | 2.21 (1.77) | 2.85 (2.000) | ||||||
General alertness | CE | 5.00 (0.00) | 0.154–0.930 | 0.007a | 4.95 (0.21) | 0.099–0.558 | 0.006a | |
SC | 4.46 (1.34) | 4.63 (0.76) | ||||||
Negative emotions | Anger | CE | 1.07 (0.46) | −0.130–0.186 | 0.724 | 1.00 (0.00) | −0.134–0.009 | 0.083 |
SC | 1.04 (0.29) | 1.06 (0.25) | ||||||
Anxiety/Fear | CE | 1.00 (0.00) | −0.100–0.017 | 0.159 | 1.02 (0.15) | −0.024–0.070 | 0.323 | |
SC | 1.04 (0.20) | 1.00 (0.00) | ||||||
Sadness | CE | 1.00 (0.00) | −0.194–0.069 | 0.347 | 1.02 (0.15) | −0.059–0.064 | 0.938 | |
SC | 1.06 (0.43) | 1.02 (0.14) |
Notes: P-value by independent t-test. aP<0.05.
Abbreviations: OERS, Observed Emotion Rating Scale; CE, creative expression; SC, standard cognitive; CI, confidence interval.