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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 May 16.

Published in final edited form as: Nanoscale. 2019 May 16;11(19):9760–9768. doi: 10.1039/c9nr02065a

Fig. 2. — Water proton longitudinal (r₁) relaxation of (A) Gd-TMV and (B) Gd-TMV-PDA as a function of Gd³⁺ concentration measured at 37°C in magnetic fields of 1.5, 7.0 and 9.4 T. The T₁ mapping phantoms of (C) Gd-TMV and (D) Gd-TMV-PDA in aqueous solutions at various concentrations of Gd³⁺ in magnetic fields of 7.0 and 9.4 T. (E) The r₁ nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles (0.01–70 MHz) were obtained for the aqueous suspensions of Gd-TMV (■) and Gd-TMV-PDA () at 25°C normalized to 1 mM Gd³⁺. (F) The in vitro T₁-mapping of PC-3 cells taking up different concentrations of Gd-TMV-PDA at 37°C for 3 h. Corresponding quantities of Gd³⁺ taken up by PC-3 cells were determined by ICP-OES and the Bradford protein assay following MRI.

Inline graphic — Water proton longitudinal (r₁) relaxation of (A) Gd-TMV and (B) Gd-TMV-PDA as a function of Gd³⁺ concentration measured at 37°C in magnetic fields of 1.5, 7.0 and 9.4 T. The T₁ mapping phantoms of (C) Gd-TMV and (D) Gd-TMV-PDA in aqueous solutions at various concentrations of Gd³⁺ in magnetic fields of 7.0 and 9.4 T. (E) The r₁ nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles (0.01–70 MHz) were obtained for the aqueous suspensions of Gd-TMV (■) and Gd-TMV-PDA () at 25°C normalized to 1 mM Gd³⁺. (F) The in vitro T₁-mapping of PC-3 cells taking up different concentrations of Gd-TMV-PDA at 37°C for 3 h. Corresponding quantities of Gd³⁺ taken up by PC-3 cells were determined by ICP-OES and the Bradford protein assay following MRI.