Table 1.
Total publications included in this study: characteristics of each study
| Author (year) | Study design | Demographic | Follow-up (mo) | Factors related to ASD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yagi et al. [2] (2011) | Retrospective study | n=176; idiopathic scoliosis=150, degenerative scoliosis=26; males=0% (n=0), females=100% (n=26); average age, 58.6 yr (range, 46–78 yr); mean BMI (kg/m2), 26.6 (range, 20.6–32.1); mean BMD (g/cm2), 1.159±0.509 | 24 | Osteopenia/osteoporosis, age |
| Xu et al. [3] (2013) | Prospective cohort | n=2,395; normal=2,077, degenerative scoliosis=318 (13.27%); males=8.8% (n=62), females=15.1% (n=256); mean age, 71.9±10.2 yr; mean BMI (kg/m2), 24.1±3.6; mean T score (spine), -2.1±1.3 | 24 | BMI, BMD, age, gender |
| Fu et al. [4] (2014) | Retrospective cohort | n=84; degenerative scoliosis=84; males=15, females=69; mean age, 68.6±8.0 yr (range, 50–83 yr); mean BMI (kg/m2), 27.0±4.8 (range, 17.7–40.4) | 24 | BMI/obesity |
| Urrutia et al. [5] (2011) | Cross-sectional | n=380; normal=337, degenerative scoliosis=43 (12.9%); males=0% (n=0), females=100% (n=43); average age, 59.8 yr (range, 50–90 yr) | No follow-up | BMI, BMD, age |
| Soroceanu et al. [6] (2016) | Retrospective study | n=448; degenerative scoliosis=448; males=25% (n=112), females=75% (n=336); mean age, 56.8±15.45 yr | 24 | Risk factors for medical complications in ASD |
| Kebaish et al. [7] (2011) | Retrospective study | n=2,973; normal=2,710, degenerative scoliosis=263 (8.85%); males=14.8% (n=39), females=85.17% (n=224); average age, 60.8 yr (range, 40–97 yr); race: Whites=69.9% (n=184), African American=25.8% (n=68), other=4.18% (n=11) | No follow-up | Age, race, gender |
| Wang et al. [8] (2016) | Prospective study | n=108; degenerative scoliosis=108; males=31.5% (n=34), females=68.5% (n=74); mean age, 62 ± 8 yr (range, 47–78 yr) | 34 | Lumbar canal stenosis |
| Smith et al. [9] (2013) | Secondary analysis of multicentre spinal deformity database | n=276; adult scoliosis=187; males=18 (9.6%), females=169 (90.4%); mean age, 59± 7 yr; mean BMI (kg/m2), 26± 5; mean comorbidity score, 2.7± 2.7 | 24 | BMI, depression, narcotic usage, smoking, mean back pain score, mean leg pain score |
| Adogwa et al. [10] (2014) | Retrospective study | n=136; males=77 (56.6%), females=59 (43.4%); mean age, 53.8±17 yr; mean BMI (kg/m2), 28.4±6.4; mean preoperative serum albumin (g/dL), 3.44±0.82 (nourished, 4.03±0.34; malnourished, 2.65±0.35) | 12 | Serum albumin |
| Worley et al. [11] (2016) | Retrospective study | n=11,982; primary scoliosis=10,158, revision scoliosis=1,824 | No follow-up | Age, number of fusion levels and medical risk factors increasing morbidity and mortality |
| Acosta et al. [12] (2011) | Retrospective study | n=21; males=7 (33.33%), females=14 (66.66%); mean age, 77±2.0 yr | 41.2 (range, 24–81) | Hypertension and other comorbidities |
Values are presented as number or mean±standard deviation, unless otherwise stated.
ASD, adult spinal deformity; n, the number of patients; BMI, body mass index; BMD, bone mineral density.