Table 1. Means and proportions of updated lifestyle and medical histories according to categories of cumulative average body mass index.
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | P for differencea | |||||||
| <19 | 19–<21 | 21–<23 | 23–<25 | 25–<27 | 27–<30 | ≥30 | ||
| Men | ||||||||
| Number | 1,712 | 5,753 | 11,007 | 11,989 | 7,342 | 3,720 | 820 | |
| Age at baseline, years, mean (standard deviation) | 54.1 (8.8) | 52.7 (8.3) | 52.1 (7.9) | 51.4 (7.6) | 50.8 (7.4) | 50.5 (7.2) | 50.1 (7.3) | <0.001 |
| Age distribution, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| 40–44 | 19.3 | 21.9 | 22.0 | 23.2 | 25.4 | 25.8 | 29.9 | |
| 45–49 | 14.9 | 17.0 | 19.3 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 21.9 | 21.6 | |
| 50–54 | 15.1 | 17.8 | 19.0 | 20.6 | 21.1 | 21.5 | 18.7 | |
| 55–59 | 21.5 | 22.0 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 20.0 | 19.5 | 18.3 | |
| 60–64 | 12.0 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 8.3 | |
| 65–69 | 17.1 | 10.7 | 8.4 | 6.5 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.3 | |
| Smoking, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| Never-smoker | 14.4 | 16.1 | 20.2 | 23.1 | 26.9 | 27.9 | 28.5 | |
| Ex-smoker | 29.0 | 30.9 | 33.4 | 37.1 | 37.1 | 36.5 | 34.2 | |
| <20 cigarettes/day | 22.3 | 17.7 | 14.5 | 11.0 | 9.6 | 7.4 | 7.3 | |
| ≥20 cigarettes/day | 34.3 | 35.4 | 31.9 | 28.8 | 26.4 | 28.2 | 30.0 | |
| Alcohol consumption, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| Never-drinker | 40.0 | 35.0 | 33.5 | 33.9 | 35.1 | 37.2 | 39.8 | |
| Former-drinker | 6.0 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.8 | |
| <150 g/week | 10.9 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 11.2 | 11.0 | 10.7 | 11.7 | |
| 150–<300 g/week | 18.5 | 20.9 | 22.3 | 22.5 | 21.8 | 21.1 | 17.8 | |
| ≥300 g/week | 24.7 | 28.0 | 29.2 | 28.6 | 28.2 | 27.0 | 27.0 | |
| Leisure-time physical activity, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| None | 62.8 | 59.7 | 55.7 | 53.7 | 52.5 | 53.9 | 58.2 | |
| 1–3 times/month | 14.0 | 16.3 | 18.9 | 20.0 | 20.6 | 21.1 | 19.4 | |
| 1–2 times/week | 10.3 | 10.6 | 12.0 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 11.6 | 10.7 | |
| 3–4 times/week | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 6.2 | |
| Almost everyday | 6.7 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.5 | |
| History of hypertension, % | 22.0 | 25.5 | 29.5 | 34.7 | 39.6 | 45.3 | 49.9 | <0.001 |
| History of dyslipidemia, % | 9.8 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 13.2 | 17.4 | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes mellitus, % | 3.7 | 4.5 | 6.9 | 9.2 | 11.8 | 12.3 | 14.5 | <0.001 |
| Women | ||||||||
| Number | 2,306 | 6,796 | 11,996 | 11,742 | 7,572 | 4,546 | 1,455 | |
| Age at baseline, years, mean (standard deviation) | 52.9 (8.7) | 51.5 (8.3) | 51.8 (8.0) | 52.1 (7.7) | 52.7 (7.7) | 52.7 (7.6) | 52.7 (7.6) | <0.001 |
| Age distribution, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| 40–44 | 22.3 | 26.5 | 23.4 | 20.6 | 18.4 | 18.1 | 18.4 | |
| 45–49 | 17.1 | 19.4 | 20.1 | 19.9 | 18.2 | 17.7 | 18.7 | |
| 50–54 | 18.5 | 17.9 | 19.5 | 21.6 | 21.3 | 22.2 | 22.1 | |
| 55–59 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 19.2 | 21.0 | 23.0 | 23.4 | 21.8 | |
| 60–64 | 10.6 | 9.1 | 9.5 | 9.3 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | |
| 65–69 | 14.1 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.3 | |
| Smoking, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| Never-smoker | 86.5 | 90.2 | 92.1 | 93.1 | 92.5 | 91.5 | 88.7 | |
| Ex-smoker | 4.7 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 4.5 | |
| <20 cigarettes/day | 5.9 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 3.8 | |
| ≥20 cigarettes/day | 3.0 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 3.1 | |
| Alcohol consumption, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| Never-drinker | 87.9 | 85.8 | 87.2 | 88.7 | 89.9 | 91.6 | 92.0 | |
| Former-drinker | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | |
| <150 g/week | 7.1 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 7.5 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 4.3 | |
| 150–<300 g/week | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | |
| ≥300 g/week | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.3 | |
| Leisure-time physical activity, % | <0.001 | |||||||
| None | 54.9 | 57.1 | 54.8 | 55.8 | 65.1 | 59.1 | 62.4 | |
| 1–3 times/month | 14.3 | 13.4 | 14.3 | 14.8 | 11.0 | 12.5 | 12.0 | |
| 1–2 times/week | 13.7 | 13.4 | 14.4 | 13.2 | 10.8 | 12.4 | 10.7 | |
| 3–4 times/week | 9.2 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 7.0 | 7.9 | 7.2 | |
| Almost everyday | 7.8 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 7.7 | |
| History of hypertension, % | 20.7 | 23.2 | 28.4 | 36.1 | 44.2 | 51.7 | 58.6 | <0.001 |
| History of dyslipidemia, % | 9.3 | 12.0 | 14.5 | 17.9 | 20.1 | 22.8 | 21.6 | <0.001 |
| History of diabetes mellitus, % | 3.9 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 9.6 | 13.8 | <0.001 |
aAnalysis of variance for continuous variables, and Chi-square test for categorical variables.