Table 1.
Characteristics of included randomized controlled trials comparing vernakalant to comparator in patients with recent-onset atrial fibrillation
| Study name (year), ‘Study ID’ | Characteristics |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients randomized | Comparator, initial dosing of vernakalanta | Study design | AF duration prior | Primary endpoint | Age, vernakalant/ comparator (years), mean (SD) | Gender, male/female | Number of CAD (%) | Number of CHF (%) | Length of follow-up | |
| Beatch and Mangal (2016), ‘ACT V’ | 217 | Placebo, 3 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre | 3 h to 7 days | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 63.7 (12.7)/60.8 (14.1) | 146/71 | 48 (22) | Excluded | 7 days |
| Beatch et al. (2017), ‘ASIA-PACIFIC’ | 122 | Placebo, 3 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre | 3 h to 7 days | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 60.7 (13.7)/59.2 (12.0) | 67/55 | 13 (11) | 8 (7) | 7 days |
| Camm et al. (2011), ‘AVRO’ | 232 | Amiodarone, 5 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre | 3–48 h | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 63.1 (10.81)/62.2 (11.63) | 146/86 | 52 (22) | 46 (20) | 30 days |
| Kowey et al. (2009), ‘ACT II’ | 161 | Placebo, 3 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre | 3–72 h | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 68.3 (7.7)/67.8 (6.4) | 121/40 | 129 (80) | 51 (32) | 30 days |
| Pratt et al. (2010), ‘ACT III’ | 172 | Placebo, 3 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre. Cardiac Surgery | 3 h to 7 days | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 60 (16)/60 (15) | 118/54 | 24 (14) | 23 (13) | 30 days |
| Roy et al. (2004), ‘CRAFT’ | 56 | Placebo, 0.5 mg/kg 2.0 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre | 3–72 h | Proportion converting to NSR within 30 min | 60.8/64 | 32/22 | – | Excluded | 7 days |
| Roy et al. (2008), ‘ACT I’ | 220 | Placebo, 3 mg/kg | Randomized, double-blind, multicentre | 3 h to 7 days | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 60.4 (14)/59.9 (11.8) | 150/70 | 51 (23) | 19 (8.6) | 30 days |
| Simon et al. (2017) | 100 | Ibutilide, 3 mg/kg | Randomized, open-label, single centre. Emergency Department | No longer than 48 h | Time to conversion of AF to NSR | 56.2 (14.32)/56.7 (15.77) | 68/32 | 7 (7) | 99 (99) | Prior to discharge |
| Vogiatzis et al. (2017) | 78 | Ibutilide, 3 mg/kg | Pseudo-randomized, open-label, single centre | No longer than 48 h | Proportion converting to NSR within 90 min | 62.44 (7.24)/60.8 (14.1) | 56/22 | 31 (40) | – | – |
AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; NSR, normal sinus rhythm; SD, standard deviation.
a
Subsequent doses are described in the Supplementary material online, Appendix.