Table 2.
Metabolites differing significantly (q-value) between patients with AMD and controls, based on meta-analysis of the two study cohorts.
| Super Pathway | Sub Pathway | Metabolite | OR PT | Pval PT | OR US | Pval US | OR Meta | Pval Meta | Qval Meta |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amino Acid | Methionine, Cysteine, SAM, and Taurine Metabolism | Taurine | 3.70 | 1.19 × 10−7 | 1.26 | 2.46 × 10−1 | 2.04 | 9.59 × 10−7 | 6.52 × 10−5 |
| Amino Acid | Glutamate Metabolism | Beta−citrylglutamate | 2.87 | 1.37 × 10−5 | 1.52 | 5.40 × 10−2 | 2.06 | 3.86 × 10−6 | 2.05 × 10−4 |
| Amino Acid | Tryptophan Metabolism | Serotonin | 2.00 | 6.20 × 10−4 | 1.58 | 2.67 × 10−2 | 1.82 | 4.84 × 10−5 | 1.65 × 10−3 |
| Amino Acid | Methionine, Cysteine, SAM, and Taurine Metabolism | N−acetylmethionine | 2.55 | 1.85 × 10−5 | 1.20 | 4.05 × 10−1 | 1.75 | 9.74 × 10−5 | 2.92 × 10−3 |
| Amino Acid | Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism | Aspartate | 2.37 | 6.69 × 10−5 | 1.28 | 2.32 × 10−1 | 1.80 | 1.02 × 10−4 | 2.92 × 10−3 |
| Amino Acid | Methionine, Cysteine, SAM, and Taurine Metabolism | Hypotaurine | 2.32 | 4.69 × 10−4 | 1.36 | 1.47 × 10−1 | 1.85 | 2.57 × 10−4 | 6.99 × 10−3 |
| Amino Acid | Alanine and Aspartate Metabolism | N−acetylasparagine | 1.55 | 1.96 × 10−2 | 2.00 | 4.21 × 10−3 | 1.69 | 3.22 × 10−4 | 7.96 × 10−3 |
| Amino Acid | Methionine, Cysteine, SAM, and Taurine Metabolism | S−adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) | 2.10 | 3.91 × 10−4 | 1.24 | 3.21 × 10−1 | 1.67 | 6.43 × 10−4 | 1.52 × 10−2 |
| Carbohydrate | Glycogen Metabolism | Maltotriose | 3.79 | 2.44 × 10−7 | 1.49 | 5.12 × 10−2 | 2.47 | 1.31 × 10−7 | 1.75 × 10−5 |
| Carbohydrate | Glycogen Metabolism | Maltose | 3.32 | 1.62 × 10−6 | 1.29 | 1.86 × 10−1 | 2.14 | 4.14 × 10−6 | 2.05 × 10−4 |
| Cofactors and Vitamins | Nicotinate and Nicotinamide Metabolism | Nicotinamide | 2.34 | 1.91 × 10−4 | 1.15 | 5.08 × 10−1 | 1.68 | 7.87 × 10−4 | 1.78 × 10−2 |
| Lipid | Phosphatidylserine (PS) | 1−stearoyl−2−oleoyl−GPS (18:0/18:1) | 5.74 | 2.94 × 10−10 | 1.23 | 2.92 × 10−1 | 2.35 | 1.80 × 10−8 | 6.64 × 10−6 |
| Lipid | Phospholipid Metabolism | Phosphoethanolamine | 3.97 | 2.36 × 10−8 | 1.44 | 5.79 × 10−2 | 2.49 | 2.44 × 10−8 | 6.64 × 10−6 |
| Lipid | Phospholipid Metabolism | Choline phosphate | 4.95 | 4.01 × 10−9 | 1.21 | 3.21 × 10−1 | 2.38 | 1.42 × 10−7 | 1.75 × 10−5 |
| Lipid | Sphingosines | Sphingosine | 16.67 | 1.89 × 10−9 | 0.99 | 9.68 × 10−1 | 1.75 | 2.26 × 10−6 | 1.36 × 10−4 |
| Lipid | Lysoplasmalogen | 1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-GPE (P-16:0) * | 1.70 | 5.86 × 10−3 | 2.47 | 2.98 × 10−4 | 1.97 | 1.12 × 10−5 | 4.69 × 10−4 |
| Lipid | Fatty Acid, Monohydroxy | 14-HDoHE/17-HDoHE | 5.02 | 8.02 × 10−9 | 0.87 | 4.63 × 10−1 | 1.73 | 3.87 × 10−5 | 1.46 × 10−3 |
| Lipid | Eicosanoid | 12-HETE | 4.77 | 2.61 × 10−8 | 0.91 | 6.26 × 10−1 | 1.64 | 4.03 × 10−5 | 1.46 × 10−3 |
| Lipid | Sphingolipid Synthesis | Sphinganine | 5.33 | 6.18 × 10−7 | 0.90 | 5.85 × 10−1 | 1.44 | 3.05 × 10−4 | 7.91 × 10−3 |
| Lipid | Lysoplasmalogen | 1-(1-enyl-oleoyl)-GPE (P-18:1) * | 1.35 | 9.20 × 10−2 | 2.01 | 2.36 × 10−3 | 1.60 | 1.41 × 10−3 | 2.95 × 10−2 |
| Lipid | Lysoplasmalogen | 1-(1-enyl-stearoyl)-GPE (P-18:0) * | 1.25 | 1.89 × 10−1 | 2.24 | 6.67 × 10−4 | 1.58 | 1.81 × 10−3 | 3.65 × 10−2 |
| Nucleotide | Purine Metabolism, Adenine containing | Adenosine | 2.58 | 6.33 × 10−5 | 2.15 | 6.90 × 10−4 | 2.39 | 1.60 × 10−7 | 1.75 × 10−5 |
| Nucleotide | Pyrimidine Metabolism, Cytidine containing | Cytidine | 2.55 | 6.24 × 10−5 | 2.12 | 1.35 × 10−3 | 2.37 | 2.93 × 10−7 | 2.66 × 10−5 |
| Nucleotide | Purine Metabolism, Guanine containing | Guanine | 3.70 | 5.99 × 10−7 | 1.39 | 1.08 × 10−1 | 2.40 | 8.16 × 10−7 | 6.34 × 10−5 |
| Nucleotide | Purine Metabolism, (Hypo)Xanthine/Inosine containing | Inosine | 2.29 | 1.54 × 10−4 | 1.65 | 9.69 × 10−3 | 2.02 | 4.74 × 10−6 | 2.15 × 10−4 |
| Nucleotide | Purine Metabolism, (Hypo)Xanthine/Inosine containing | Hypoxanthine | 2.52 | 3.58 × 10−5 | 1.24 | 2.79 × 10−1 | 1.80 | 8.43 × 10−5 | 2.70 × 10−3 |
| Nucleotide | Purine Metabolism, Adenine containing | adenine | 1.63 | 2.02 × 10−2 | 1.54 | 4.38 × 10−2 | 1.58 | 2.13 × 10−3 | 4.14 × 10−2 |
| Peptide | Dipeptide | isoleucylglycine | 2.15 | 1.25 × 10−4 | 1.07 | 7.26 × 10−1 | 1.58 | 1.15 × 10−3 | 2.51 × 10−2 |
Legend: OR: odds ratio; PT: Portugal; US: United States; PVal: p-value; Qval: q-value; Meta: meta-analysis; SAM - S-Adenosyl methionine.