Table 6.
Main flavonoids in bergamot juice. Results are presented as the mean value ± standard deviation, n = 8, (2016–2017 and 2017–2018 harvest years). *** significance at p < 0.001; ** significance at p < 0.01; * significance at p < 0.05. Means in the same line are distinguished by small letters. Means in the same column are distinguished by capital letters.
| Cultivar | October | November | December | January | February | March | Sign. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Neoeriocitrin
(%) |
Castagnaro | 10.16 ± 0.08 eC | 13.85 ± 0.11 cB | 10.14 ± 0.05 eC | 12.64 ± 0.17 dA | 20.58 ± 0.19 aB | 17.95 ± 0.12 bA | *** |
| Fantastico | 12.84 ± 0.07 cB | 12.35 ± 0.05 dC | 12.82 ± 0.08 cB | 11.72 ± 0.09 eB | 22.75 ± 0.05 aA | 16.67 ± 0.06 bC | *** | |
| Femminello | 15.26 ± 0.19 cA | 15.98 ± 0.29 bA | 15.35 ± 0.11 cA | 10.30 ± 0.05 dC | 15.23 ± 0.03 cC | 17.41 ± 0.15 aB | *** | |
| Sign. | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||
|
Naringin
(%) |
Castagnaro | 29.13 ± 0.06 dB | 28.62 ± 0.26 dA | 29.01 ± 0.15 dB | 39.52 ± 0.47 bA | 33.36 ± 0.18 cA | 42.61 ± 0.13 aA | *** |
| Fantastico | 25.15 ± 0.08 dC | 26.35 ± 0.05 cB | 26.11 ± 0.06 cC | 28.42 ± 0.09 aC | 27.21 ± 0.16 bB | 28.63 ± 0.12 aB | *** | |
| Femminello | 30.69 ± 0.19 cA | 23.92 ± 0.20 eC | 30.8 ± 0.05 cA | 37.18 ± 0.03 bB | 26.65 ± 0.03 dC | 42.3 ± 0.26 aA | *** | |
| Sign. | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||
|
Neohesperidin
(%) |
Castagnaro | 17.87 ± 0.06 bC | 16.75 ± 0.20 cC | 17.75 ± 0.13 bB | 33.11 ± 0.10 aA | 13.82 ± 0.12 dC | 17.92 ± 0.07 bC | *** |
| Fantastico | 21.05 ± 0.23 bA | 20.51 ± 0.12 cA | 20.06 ± 0.23 cA | 29.16 ± 0.08 aC | 18.51 ± 0.11 dB | 29.34 ± 0.24 aA | *** | |
| Femminello | 18.35 ± 0.18 eB | 19.51 ± 0.17 cB | 18.01 ± 0.10 eB | 32.62 ± 0.15 aB | 22.91 ± 0.02 bA | 18.78 ± 0.03 dB | *** | |
| Sign. | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||
|
Melitidin
(%) |
Castagnaro | 11.65 ± 0.29 bA | 13.32 ± 0.21 aA | 11.51 ± 0.13 bA | 5.21 ± 0.08 dC | 13.68 ± 0.11 aA | 7.13 ± 0.11 cA | *** |
| Fantastico | 8.13 ± 0.09 cB | 8.36 ± 0.08 bC | 8.19 ± 0.10 b cC | 7.23 ± 0.06 dA | 9.23 ± 0.07 aB | 3.30 ± 0.10 eB | *** | |
| Femminello | 10.56 ± 0.06 aB | 10.43 ± 0.15 aB | 10.51 ± 0.03 aB | 6.91 ± 0.03 dB | 8.27 ± 0.03 bC | 7.22 ± 0.08 cA | *** | |
| Sign. | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||
|
Brutieridin
(%) |
Castagnaro | 31.49 ± 0.05 aB | 27.46 ± 0.12 bC | 31.47 ± 0.15 aB | 9.52 ± 0.08 eC | 18.56 ± 0.07 cC | 14.39 ± 0.16 dB | *** |
| Fantastico | 32.83 ± 0.07 aA | 32.43 ± 0.16 bA | 32.82 ± 0.08 aA | 23.47 ± 0.16 cA | 22.3 ± 0.13 dB | 22.06 ± 0.07 dA | *** | |
| Femminello | 25.50 ± 0.11 cC | 30.16 ± 0.05 aB | 25.33 ± 0.05 cC | 12.99 ± 0.12 eB | 26.94 ± 0.14 bA | 14.29 ± 0.01 dB | *** | |
| Sign. | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||
|
Total Flavonoids
in juice (g/L) |
Castagnaro | 276 ± 3 dC | 212 ± 7 eC | 488 ± 11 aA | 425 ± 7 bB | 419 ± 8 bC | 348 ± 18 cC | *** |
| Fantastico | 361 ± 9 cA | 303 ± 6 dA | 233 ± 17 eC | 509 ± 8 bA | 675 ± 10 aB | 678 ± 4 aB | *** | |
| Femminello | 287 ± 1 eB | 408 ± 4 cB | 364 ± 4 dB | 390 ± 12 cC | 845 ± 11 aA | 824 ± 7 bA | *** | |
| Sign. | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** |