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. 2019 Jul 13;7(7):199. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7070199

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Viral gene products of HPVs and their effects on host immune response. Several HPV gene products, especially E2, E5, E6, and E7 exert a variety of inhibitory effects on several components of the host immune system which result in impaired antigen presentation, weakened natural killer (NK) cells and Treg (T) cells cytotoxic activities, and deficient immunosurveillance, which promotes the establishing a persistent infection that can ultimately result in malignant transformation.