Table 2.
Summary of annotated metabolites upregulated in the roots (R), stems (S) and leaves (L) of F. pseudograminearum inoculated S. bicolor seedlings primed with P. alvei versus non-primed (naïve) seedlings. Discriminating metabolites were identified based on OPLS-DA S-plots.
| Metabolite Fold Change (fc) and p-Value of Primed vs. Naïve Seedlings | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolite | Heatmap Key | m/z | Rt (min) | ESI Mode | Molecular Formula/KEGG ID | Metabolite Class | 1 d.p.i. | 4 d.p.i. | 7 d.p.i. | ||||
| fc | p | fc | p | fc | p | ||||||||
| 1 | N-Carbamoylputrescine | Putrescine R | 176.08 | 4.66 | Pos | C5H13N3O/C00436 | Amino acid | 3.481 | 1.67 × 10−5 | 5.401 | 2.00 × 10−7 | 1.426 | 1.79 × 10−2 |
| 2 | L-2,4-Diaminobutanoate | DABA S | 163.05 | 5.59 | Pos | C4H10N2O2/C03283 | Amino acid | 2.373 | 3.97 × 10−2 | 0.287 | 4.30 × 10−2 | 1.660 | 5.44 × 10−1 |
| 3 | THF-L-Glutamate | THF-L-Glu L | 595.19 | 1.65 | Neg | C24H30N8O9/C09332 | Amino acid | 2.623 | 5.39 × 10−2 | 2.770 | 1.12 × 10−3 | 1.401 | 3.45 × 10−1 |
| 4 | Glutathione | Glu R | 326.12 | 2.93 | Pos | C10H17N3O6S/C00051 | Amino acid | 5.562 | 4.22 × 10−2 | 0.649 | 4.74 × 10−1 | 1.045 | 9.54 × 10−1 |
| 5 | 2-(3-Carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine | His R | 339.07 | 5.76 | Neg | C10H16N4O4/C04441 | Amino acid | 2.845 | 1.21 × 10−3 | 0.694 | 7.96 × 10−2 | 0.643 | 8.00 × 10−3 |
| 6 | 2-(3-Carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine | His S | 301.09 | 8.89 | Pos | C10H16N4O4/C04441 | Amino acid | 2.362 | 2.08 × 10−1 | 6.096 | 1.31 × 10−2 | 0.600 | 3.27 × 10−1 |
| 7 | L-Lysine | Lys R | 213.09 | 2.14 | Neg | C6H14N2O2/C00047 | Amino acid | 0.762 | 4.98 × 10−1 | 4.140 | 1.05 × 10−2 | 1.256 | 4.78 × 10−1 |
| 8 | N6,N6,N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine | Trimethyl Lys R | 313.09 | 3.60 | Neg | C9H20N2O2/C05546 | Amino acid | 5.498 | 1.60 × 10−3 | 4.479 | 1.70 × 10−4 | 4.019 | 1.2 × 10−2 |
| 9 | L-phenylalanine | Phe R | 373.11 | 5.49 | Pos | C12H22N4O7/C00079 | Amino acid | 32.594 | 3.39 × 10−2 | 20.705 | 1.92 × 10−2 | 3.180 | 1.54 × 10−1 |
| 10 | Guanosine 5’-diphosphate | GDP R | 675.88 | 1.15 | Neg | C10H17N5O17P4/C00035 | Purine nucleoside | 129.214 | 1.56 × 10−3 | 80.688 | 1.36 × 10−4 | 48.241 | 6.52 × 10−14 |
| 11 | 8’-Hydroxyabscisate | ABA S | 301.11 | 9.67 | Neg | C15H20O5/C15514 | Phytohormone | 2.403 | 6.41 × 10−2 | 2.502 | 7.68 × 10−3 | 0.913 | 1.98 × 10−2 |
| 12 | Gibberellin A19 | GA19 R | 429.15 | 2.85 | Neg | C20H26O6/C02034 | Phytohormone | 2.055 | 2.94 × 10−5 | 1.777 | 4.46 × 10−2 | 1.345 | 3.92 × 10−2 |
| 13 | Gibberellin A8-catabolite | GA8 L | 383.11 | 8.87 | Neg | C19H22O7/C11870 | Phytohormone | 0.819 | 3.96 × 10−1 | 1.822 | 4.08 × 10−6 | 1.626 | 2.11 × 10−3 |
| 14 | Gibberellin A8-catabolite | GA8 R | 383.11 | 8.91 | Neg | C19H22O7/C11870 | Phytohormone | 1.781 | 1.62 × 10−8 | 1.135 | 6.42 × 10−1 | 2.585 | 2.33 × 10−2 |
| 15 | Salicin | Salicin R | 353.08 | 3.65 | Neg | C13H18O7/C01451 | Phytohormone | 14.920 | 2.96 × 10−2 | 1.278 | 6.61 × 10−1 | 4.174 | 1.14 × 10−1 |
| 16 | (-)-11-Hydroxy-9,10-dihydrojasmonic acid 11-beta-D-glucoside | JA R | 435.19 | 9.22 | Neg | C18H28O9/C21385 | Phytohormone | 27.667 | 1.05 × 10−3 | 78.994 | 9.42 × 10−3 | 4.373 | 2.32 × 10−2 |
| 17 | (-)-Jasmonoyl-L-valine | JA-Val R | 368.16 | 5.49 | Pos | C17H27NO4/C21509 | Phytohormone | 25.519 | 2.37 × 10−2 | 3.025 | 2.40 × 10−1 | 3.127 | 2.64 × 10−1 |
| 18 | Dihydrozeatin | Zeatin R | 242.10 | 6.14 | Neg | C10H15N5O/C02029 | Phytohormone | 96.477 | 2.10 × 10−3 | 15.249 | 1.08 × 10−3 | 2.199 | 2.04 × 10−1 |
| 19 | (-)-Epicatechin | Epicatechin S | 289.07 | 3.50 | Neg | C15H14O6/C09727 | Phenylpropanoid | 1.455 | 7.08 × 10−3 | 2.749 | 1.50 × 10−2 | 1.299 | 4.98 × 10−1 |
| 20 | (-)-Hesperetin | Hesperetin S | 301.07 | 8.28 | Neg | C16H14O6/C01709 | Phenylpropanoid | 3.301 | 1.81 × 10−2 | 3.799 | 4.39 × 10−4 | 0.697 | 4.01 × 10−1 |
| 21 | 4-Coumaroylshikimate | CoumaroylSA R | 336.11 | 4.70 | Neg | C16H16O7/C02947 | Phenylpropanoid | 4.580 | 6.11 × 10−6 | 5.575 | 5.88 × 10−6 | 1.760 | 5.16 × 10−6 |
| 22 | 7-O-D-Glucosyl-apigenin | Apigenin S | 477.10 | 5.95 | Neg | C21H20O10/C04608 | Phenylpropanoid | 0.804 | 5.84 × 10−1 | 1.935 | 1.77 × 10−1 | 9.563 | 3.73 × 10−4 |
| 23 | 8-C-Glucosylnaringenin | Naringenin R | 433.11 | 6.00 | Neg | C21H22O10/C16492 | Phenylpropanoid | 0.631 | 8.01 × 10−2 | 2.588 | 7.39 × 10−3 | 1.683 | 6.31 × 10−2 |
| 24 | Kaempferol 3-O-D-Glucosylgalactoside | Kaempferol L | 609.15 | 5.44 | Neg | C27H30O16/C16490 | Phenylpropanoid | 0.877 | 8.41 × 10−1 | 5.543 | 3.2 × 10−3 | 1.650 | 3.54 × 10−1 |
| 25 | Leucocyanidin | Leucocyanidin R | 322.09 | 4.67 | Neg | C15H14O7/C05906 | Phenylpropanoid | 6.203 | 3.03 × 10−10 | 2.208 | 6.51 × 10−3 | 1.622 | 8.90E × 10−2 |
| 26 | Neohesperidin | Neohesperidin R | 609.18 | 4.91 | Neg | C28H34O15/C09806 | Phenylpropanoid | 0.968 | 6.11 × 10−1 | 2.025 | 6.52 × 10−5 | 2.579 | 3.58 × 10−4 |
| 27 | 5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid | Shikimic acid R | 352.10 | 4.01 | Neg | C16H16O8/C10434 | Phenylpropanoid | 743.006 | 9.33 × 10−8 | 11.814 | 9.87 × 10−5 | 4.179 | 4.54 × 10−5 |
| 28 | Caffeic acid 3-glucoside | Caffeic acid R | 341.09 | 6.25 | Neg | C15H18O9/C10431 | Phenylpropanoid | 6.106 | 5.83 × 10−2 | 6.521 | 5.20 × 10−2 | 4.845 | 2.63 × 10−2 |
| 29 | Caffeoylquinate | Caffeoylquinate R | 353.09 | 2.62 | Neg | C16H17KO9/C00852 | Phenylpropanoid | 7.071 | 2.65 × 10−2 | 4.685 | 1.35 × 10−2 | 5.660 | 8.72 × 10−2 |
| 30 | Trans-D-Glucosyl-2-hydroxycinnamate | Cinnamic acid L | 325.09 | 3.71 | Neg | C15H18O8/C05158 | Phenylpropanoid | 1.517 | 3.37 × 10−1 | 3.486 | 4.97 × 10−2 | 1.485 | 3.20 × 10−1 |
| 31 | Trans-D-Glucosyl-2-hydroxycinnamate | Cinnamic acid R | 325.09 | 3.75 | Neg | C15H18O8/C05158 | Phenylpropanoid | 1.907 | 1.33 × 10−1 | 2.338 | 2.18 × 10−2 | 1.224 | 4.75 × 10−1 |
| 32 | Trans-D-Glucosyl-2-hydroxycinnamate | Cinnamic acid S | 325.09 | 6.94 | Neg | C15H18O8/C05158 | Phenylpropanoid | 1.644 | 9.05 × 10−3 | 2.238 | 4.44 × 10−5 | 1.634 | 1.73 × 10−1 |
| 33 | (6Z,9Z,12Z)-Octadecatrienoic acid | γ-linolenic acid R | 345.20 | 1.92 | Neg | C18H30O2/C06426 | Lipid | 3.122 | 1.18 × 10−8 | 3.157 | 4.37 × 10−8 | 2.392 | 2.61 × 10−9 |
| 34 | 9-Hydroperoxy-12,13-epoxy-10-octadecenoic acid | OA L | 371.18 | 5.27 | Neg | C18H32O4/C08368 | Lipid | 445.872 | 2.44 × 10−14 | 691.790 | 2.44 × 10−14 | 818.658 | 2.44 × 10−14 |
| 35 | 12,13-Epoxy-9-hydroxy-10-octadecenoate | Oleic acid R | 361.20 | 1.14 | Neg | C18H32O4/C14832 | Lipid | 2.041 | 2.15 × 10−8 | 1.459 | 1.17 × 10−5 | 1.322 | 1.04 × 10−3 |
| 36 | Methyl 9-hydroperoxy-10,12,13,15-bisepidioxy-16E-octadecenoate | Oleic acid L | 461.14 | 1.60 | Neg | C19H32O8/C14832 | Lipid | 3.756 | 4.42 × 10−3 | 0.419 | 2.13 × 10−1 | 0.968 | 9.51 × 10−1 |
| 37 | 18-Fluoro-octadecanoic acid | Fluoro-OA R | 347.23 | 1.57 | Pos | C18H35FO2/C01530 | Lipid | 76.144 | 1.20 × 10−2 | 176.354 | 7.82 × 10−9 | 474.046 | 6.61 × 10−4 |
| 38 | (4E,8E,10E-d18:3) Sphingosine | Sphingosine R | 318.24 | 1.02 | Pos | C18H33NO2/C00319 | Lipid | 9.621 | 2.96 × 10−1 | 288.427 | 2.68 × 10−2 | 111.911 | 2.14 × 10−1 |
| 39 | 3,4,3′,4′-tetrahydrospirilloxanthin | Spirilloxanthin R | 673.42 | 1.21 | Neg | C42H64O2/C15888 | Lipid | 9.271 | 2.34 × 10−2 | 3.857 | 5.20 × 10−3 | 1.329 | 9.69 × 10−2 |
| 40 | 5-Formiminotetrahydrofolate | Formimino-THF L | 516.14 | 5.12 | Neg | C20H24N8O6/C00664 | Vitamin | 3.140 | 3.34 × 10−3 | 1.363 | 3.79 × 10−1 | 2.074 | 6.33 × 10−2 |
| 41 | Dhurrin | Dhurrin S | 310.09 | 2.82 | Neg | C14H17NO7/C05143 | Cyanogenic glucoside | 2.186 | 5.67 × 10−4 | 4.514 | 1.96 × 10−3 | 2.545 | 1.04 × 10−1 |