Figure 3.

Protein (dashed lines; light-shaded columns) and DNA (solid lines; dark-shaded columns) concentrations of mechanically lysed mouse embryo fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cells obtained by the device as a function of (a) the cell population density, (b) the constriction size, and (c) the number of constrictions per channel. The devices in (a,b) feature eight constrictions per channel. Those in (a,c) measure $w=10$ μm and $d=7$ μm. The population density in (b,c) is 2.5 × 10⁶ cells/mL. In (c), the controls refer to the lysates obtained from a device without any constriction or from a conventional chemical method. (ns: not significant; $* p<0.05$; $** p<0.01$; $*** p<0.001$; $**** p<0.0001$; two-tailed t-test). Error bars: ±1 SD ($n=3$).