Table 1.

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis survey of the surface roughness of different modified titanium samples.

Samples	Rms (nm)	Ra (nm)	Rmax (nm)
Etched Ti	2.469 ± 1.2	3.280 ± 1.1	10.49
Ti–PCA	25.3845 ± 2.7	39.6855 ± 2.8	163.3
Ti–PCA–Ag	8.6545 ± 0.9	18.2215 ± 1.7	56.67