Table 1.
Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the sample (N = 74).
| Gender, male (N; %) | (36; 48.6) |
| Diagnosis, Bipolar disorder type I (N; %) | (30; 40.5%) |
| Age (mean ± SD) | (48.92 ± 12.38) |
| Age at illness onset (mean ± SD) | (27.71 ± 9.8) |
| Duration of illness (mean ± SD) | (16.07 ± 9.46) |
| Number of depressive episodes (mean ± SD) | (7.1 ± 5.22) |
| Number of manic episodes (mean ± SD) | (3.79 ± 2.06) |
| Number of hypomanic episodes (mean ± SD) | (6.48 ± 4.5) |
| Number of mixed episodes (mean ± SD) | (2.53 ± 1.16) |
| Lifetime number of affective episodes (mean ± SD) | (14.17 ± 9.59) |
| Number of affective episodes during last year (mean ± SD) | (2.04 ± 2.28) |
| Lifetime number of psychiatric admissions (mean ± SD) | (0.493 ± 0.92) |
| Duration of psychiatric admissions (mean ± SD) | (0.7 ± 1.44) |
| Clinical Course (N; %) | |
| Mania–Depression–Interval (MDI) | (11; 14.9) |
| Depression–Mania–Interval (DMI) | (10; 13.5) |
| Mania–Interval–Depression (MID) | (8; 10.8) |
| Depression–Interval–Mania (DIM) | (3; 4.1) |
| Rapid cycling | (8; 10.8) |
| Irregular cycling | (25; 33.8) |
| History of suicide attempts (N; %) | (40; 54.1) |
| Presence of psychotic symptoms, yes (N; %) | (36; 49.3) |
| during depressive episodes | (13; 9.5) |
| during manic episodes | (7; 17.6) |
| during mixed episodes | (15; 20.3) |
| Aggressive behaviours (N; %) | (32; 43.2) |
| brief TEMPS-M subscores (mean ± SD) | |
| Depressive (dep) | (23.58 ± 5.93) |
| Cyclothymic (cyc) | (23.76 ± 7.1) |
| Irritable (irr) | (18.96 ± 7.59) |
| Anxious (anx) | (19.82 ± 6.3) |
| Hyperthymic (hyp) | (19.97 ± 6.3) |