Table 1.

Risk of bias for randomized studies.

Authors and year of publication	Dmna #1b	Dmn #2c	Dmn #3d	Dmn #4e	Dmn #5f	Overall risk
Alvarez et al, 2008 [41]	LRg	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Arpin-Cribbie et al, 2012 [42]	LR	LR	LR	SCh	LR	SC
Asbury et al, 2018 [90]	SC	SC	LR	LR	LR	SC
Auyeung & Mo, 2018 [91]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Bedford et al, 2018 [92]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Booker & Dunsmore, 2017 [43]	LR	SC	SC	LR	LR	SC
Braithwaite & Fincham, 2009 [44]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Braithwaite & Fincham, 2007 [93]	SC	LR	SC	LR	LR	SC
Buglione et al, 1990 [45]	SC	SC	SC	LR	LR	HRi
Chiauzzi et al, 2008 [46]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Cohen et al, 1999 [47]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Cukrowicz & Joiner, 2007 [48]	SC	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC
Day et al, 2013 [49]	LR	LR	HR	SC	LR	HR
Ellis et al, 2011 [50]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	LR
Eustis et al, 2018 [94]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Fernandez et al, 1986 [51]	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC	SC
Fitzpatrick et al, 2017 [52]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Flett et al, 2019 [95]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Frazier et al, 2015 [53]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Freeman et al, 2008 [96]	SC	LR	HR	HR	LR	HR
Frith & Loprinzi, 2017 [54]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Fulmer et al, 2018 [97]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Geisner et al, 2015 [55]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	LR
Gibbel, 2010 [98]	LR	SC	LR	LR	LR	SC
Grassi et al, 2011 [56]	LR	LR	SC	SC	LR	SC
Greer, 2015 [99]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Guille et al, 2015 [57]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Hall et al, 2018 [100]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Harrer et al, 2018 [101]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Harris et al, 2002 [58]	HR	LR	HR	SC	LR	HR
Hintz et al, 2015 [59]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Hoppitt et al, 2014 [60]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Howell et al, 2018 [112]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Kenardy et al, 2003 [61]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
King et al, 2015 [62]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Koydemir & Sun-Selisik, 2016 [63]	SC	SC	HR	SC	LR	HR
Kvillemo et al, 2016 [64]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Lee & Jung, 2018 [102]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Levin et al, 2014 [65]	LR	LR	LR	SC	HR	HR
Levin et al, 2016 [66]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Levin et al, 2017 [67]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Lintvedt et al, 2013 [68]	SC	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Mailey et al, 2010 [69]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Mak et al, 2015 [70]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Mak et al, 2017 [71]	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC	SC
McCall et al, 2018 [103]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Melnyk et al, 2015 [72]	SC	LR	LR	SC	SC	HR
Mogoaşe, 2013 [104]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Morris et al, 2016 [73]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Mullin et al, 2015 [74]	SC	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Musiat et al, 2014 [75]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Nguyen-Feng et al, 2015 [76]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Nguyen-Feng et al, 2016 [77]	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC	SC
Nguyen-Feng et al, 2017 [78]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Nordmo et al, 2015 [79]	SC	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC
Orbach et al, 2007 [80]	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC	SC
Radhu et al, 2012 [81]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Rasanen et al, 2016 [82]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Richards & Timulak, 2013 [83]	LR	SC	SC	LR	HR	HR
Richards et al, 2013 [84]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Richards et al, 2016 [85]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Rose et al, 2013 [105]	SC	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC
Sagon et al, 2018 [106]	SC	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC
Saleh et al, 2018 [107]	SC	LR	LR	LR	LR	SC
Santucci et al, 2014 [86]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Sarniak, 2009 [108]	SC	SC	LR	LR	LR	SC
Seligman et al, 2007 [87]	SC	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC
Stallman et al, 2018 [109]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Taitz, 2011 [110]	SC	SC	SC	LR	LR	HR
Tillfors et al, 2008 [88]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Villani & Riva, 2008 [111]	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Yang et al, 2015 [89]	LR	LR	LR	SC	LR	SC

^aDmn: domain.

^bBias arising from the randomization process.

^cBias due to deviations from intended interventions.

^dBias due to missing outcome data.

^eBias in measurement of the outcome.

^fBias in selection of the reported result.

^gLR: low risk.

^hSC: some concerns.

ⁱHR: high risk.