Table I.
Univariate analysis of associations with ‘worse than death’ (WTD) status (EuroQol five-dimension (EQ-5D) < 0) prior to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA)
| Variable | Hips | Knees | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WTD (n = 391) | Not WTD (n = 1682) | p-value | WTD (n = 260) | Not WTD (n = 1907) | p-value | |
| Mean age, yrs (sd) | 67.3 (12.8) | 67.4 (11.3) | 0.919* | 68.9 (10.3) | 69.4 (9.4) | 0.478* |
| Mean body mass index, kg/m2 (sd) | 29.9 (6.3) | 28.2 (5.5) | < 0.001*† | 32.3 (6.4) | 30.6 (5.7) | < 0.001*† |
| Sex, female, n (%) | 280 (72) | 973 (58) | < 0.001†‡ | 183 (68) | 1060 (55) | < 0.001†‡ |
| SIMD, n (%) | ||||||
| 1 | 40 (10) | 118 (7) | < 0.001†‡ | 31 (12) | 158 (8) | 0.006†‡ |
| 2 | 113 (29) | 266 (16) | 75 (29) | 364 (19) | ||
| 3 | 58 (15) | 304 (18) | 42 (16) | 368 (19) | ||
| 4 | 94 (24) | 390 (23) | 52 (20) | 443 (23) | ||
| 5 | 86 (22) | 604 (36) | 60 (23) | 574 (30) | ||
| Medical comorbidity, n (%) | ||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 15 (4) | 56 (3) | 0.620‡ | 11 (4) | 93 (5) | 0.621‡ |
| Heart failure | 5 (1) | 11 (1) | 0.204‡ | 3 (1) | 17 (1) | 0.692‡ |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 5 (1) | 25 (1) | 0.757‡ | 12 (5) | 31 (2) | 0.001†‡ |
| Stroke with hemiplegia | 17 (4) | 34 (2) | 0.007†‡ | 7 (3) | 49 (3) | 0.930‡ |
| Dementia | 11 (3) | 10 (1) | < 0.001†‡ | 1 (0.4) | 8 (0.4) | 0.926‡ |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 38 (10) | 52 (3) | < 0.001†‡ | 15 (6) | 79 (4) | 0.244‡ |
| CTD/inflammatory arthropathy | 84 (21) | 153 (9) | < 0.001†‡ | 70 (27) | 296 (16) | < 0.001†‡ |
| Diabetes | 37 (9) | 131 (8) | 0.497‡ | 28 (11) | 241 (13) | 0.358‡ |
| Kidney disease | 10 (3) | 29 (2) | 0.275‡ | 7 (3) | 42 (2) | 0.638‡ |
| Liver disease | 14 (4) | 18 (1) | < 0.001†‡ | 4 (2) | 24 (1) | 0.724‡ |
| Median number of medical comorbidities (IQR) | 0 (0 to 5) | 0 (0 to 9) | < 0.001†§ | 1 (0 to 2) | 0 (0 to 1) | < 0.001†§ |
| Musculoskeletal comorbidity, n (%) | ||||||
| Back pain | 159 (41) | 566 (34) | < 0.001†‡ | 136 (52) | 731 (38) | < 0.001†‡ |
| Pain in other joints | 199 (51) | 822 (49) | < 0.001†‡ | 205 (78) | 1315 (69) | < 0.003†‡ |
| Bilateral joint arthroplasties | 31 (8) | 82 (5) | 0.017†‡ | 16 (6) | 133 (7) | 0.481‡ |
| Mean PROM (sd) | ||||||
| EQ-5D health | 52.6 (24.3) | 70.8 (20.14) | < 0.001†§ | 57.6 (22.8) | 71.4 (19.7) | < 0.001*† |
| EQ-5D pain | 39.9 (25.7) | 53.7 (22.1) | < 0.001*† | 44.5 (24.4) | 52.9 (22.1) | < 0.001*† |
| Preoperative Oxford score | 11.0 (5.6) | 21.7 (7.8) | < 0.001*† | 14.1 (7.2) | 21.0 (7.6) | < 0.001*† |
*
Unpaired Student’s t-test
†
Statistically significant
‡
Chi-squared test
§
Mann–Whitney U test
SIMD, Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation; CTD, connective tissue disorder; IQR, interquartile range; PROM, patient-reported outcome measure