Table 1. Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Activity of Bromophenols from S. latiusculaa.
50% enzyme inhibition concentration (IC50, μM) (mean ± SD)b |
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compounds | AChE (n = 3) | BChE (n = 3) | BACE1 (n = 3) | GSK-3β (n = 3) |
MeOH extractd | 195.71 ± 5.07 | 103.16 ± 3.51 | 109.59 ± 3.69 | 219.05 ± 6.21 |
2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol | 7.31 ± 0.25f | 8.95 ± 2.18g | 5.16 ± 0.60f | 229.42 ± 12.05e |
2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether | 9.61 ± 0.35e | 14.41 ± 0.27f | 4.79 ± 0.82g | 140.01 ± 15.08f |
bis-(2,3,6-tribromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether | 2.66 ± 0.24g | 4.03 ± 0.15h | 2.32 ± 0.10h | 56.46 ± 2.48g |
berberinec | 1.17 ± 0.09h | 26.15 ± 0.27e | ||
quercetinc | 25.21 ± 3.12e | |||
luteolinc | 5.42 ± 0.19h | |||
SB-415286c | 0.11 ± 0.01i |
Note: Means with different superscripts (e−i) within a column are significantly different with Duncan’s test at p < 0.05.
The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were calculated from a log dose inhibition curve and expressed as mean ± SD of triplicate experiments.
Used as reference controls (SB-415286; 3-[(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-amino]-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrol-2,5-dione).
IC50 values are expressed in μg/mL.