Table 4.
IHC positivity score of antimicrobial peptide expression in a 29-year-old subject (D1) that died at onset of type 1 diabetes. Sections are taken from two different parts of the pancreas; one with few infiltrating immune cells (D1CD45lo) and one with intense cellular infiltration (D1CD45hi). The morphological characteristics of the sections from the donor with type 1 diabetes are compared to the characteristics of the non-diabetic (ND) donors. Generally, the staining for antimicrobial peptides is more pronounced in the part of the pancreas with intense infiltration by immune cells (D1CD45hi).
| Molecule | D1CD45lo | D1CD45hi | Comment and comparison with ND donors |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cathelicidin | - | + | D1CD45lo shows no positivity. D1CD45hi shows singular positive cells spread throughout the tissue. Similar morphology as ND cases. |
| Alpha 1 | - | + | D1CD45lo shows no positivity. D1CD45hi shows singular positive cells throughout the tissue but compared with ND cases, the exocrine parenchyma is partially negative. |
| Beta 1 | - | + | D1CD45lo shows no positivity. D1CD45hi shows singular positive cells in the exocrine tissue. ND donors negative. |
| Beta 2 | + | ++/+++ | D1CD45lo shows singular positive cells in exocrine tissue. D1CD45hi shows positivity in exocrine parenchyma and islets, but slightly less compared with ND donors. |
| Beta 3 | - | - | D1CD45lo and D1CD45hi show no positivity, ND cases show positivity in islets. |
| Beta 4 | - | - | - |
| GP2 | + | +/++ | D1CD45lo and D1CD45hi show singular positive cells in exocrine tissue. Less exocrine positivity compared with ND cases. |
| Alpha 4 | - | ++ | D1CD45lo shows no positivity, D1CD45hi show many positive singular cells scattered throughout the tissue. ND donors show positive islets surrounded by negative exocrine tissue. |
| REG3A | + | + | D1CD45lo and D1CD45hi show singular positive cells. ND donors varies, with singular positive cells in exocrine tissue and a few donors with positive islet cells. |