Figure 1.

Furin cleaves and activates a variety of mammalian, viral and bacterial substrates. The serine protease furin is essential for proper activation of a variety of cellular precursor proteins. As a consequence, aberrant expression or activity of furin may result in a variety of disorders (left panel). Furthermore, numerous viruses exploit furin for the activation of their glycoproteins (central panel) and several bacterial exotoxins are activated by furin‐mediated cleavage (right panel). E2, glycoprotein E2; Env, envelope; F, fusion protein; gB, glycoprotein B; GP, glycoprotein; HA, hemagglutinin; PreGn, precursor glycoprotein Gn; prM, premembrane protein; S, spike protein.