Table 2.

Vasoactive drug options for use in AKI

Vasoactive Drug	Drug Example	Dose	Comments	Adverse effects
Osmotic Diuretics	Mannitol	0.25–0.5 gr kg−1, do not exceed 2 gr kg−1	Dose can be repeated if no increased UOP noted within 30–60 min of administration	Volume overload, hyperosmolality
Thiazides	Hydrochlorothiazide	See comments	Generally these drugs are not potent enough to cause a significant increase in UOP
Loop Diuretics	Furosemide	1–2 mg kg−1 loading dose followed by infusion of 1 mg kg−1 h−1 for up to 6 h	If UOP does not increase within 6 h discontinue, if UOP increases reduce to 0.1 mg kg−1 h−1 to maintain urination	Dehydration, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
Dopaminergic agonist	Dopamine	2–5 mcg kg−1min−1	The effectiveness of this drug has not been proven in human or veterinary medicine	Tachycardia, hypertension
DDopaminergic agonist	Fenoldopam	0.8 mcg kg−1min−1 (dogs) 0.5 mcg kg−1 min−1 (cats)	Studies in dogs/cats with acute kidney injury did not result in improved outcome	Hypotension