Table 1.
Characteristics and outcomes of National DPP participants who completed the yearlong lifestyle change program and attended ≥ 3 sessions in the first 6 months
| Organization and participant characteristics | Total analyzed participants n = 143,489 (%) | Participants with < 9 months n = 99,046 (69%) (%) | Participants with ≥ 9 months n = 44,443 (31%) (%) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Organizations’ characteristics | < 0.001 | |||
| Delivery modality | ||||
| Online only | 85,362 (59.5) | 68,137 (68.8) | 17,225 (38.8) | |
| Distance learning only | 471 (0.3) | 234 (0.2) | 237 (0.5) | |
| Combination | 1,052 (0.7) | 519 (0.5) | 533 (1.2) | |
| In-person only | 56,604 (39.5) | 30,156 (30.5) | 26,448 (59.5) | |
| Participants’ average weight loss (WL) | < 0.001 | |||
| Percent WL at 12 months | ||||
| 5%+ | 45,068 (31.4) | 22,556 (22.8) | 22,512 (50.7) | |
| < 5% | 98,421 (68.6) | 76,490 (77.2) | 21,931 (49.3) | |
| Participants’ attendance and physical activity (PA) goal | ||||
| Number of sessions attended | < 0.001 | |||
| 17+ sessions | 56,983 (39.7) | 17,741 (17.9) | 39,242 (88.3) | |
| < 17 sessions | 86,506 (60.3) | 81,305 (82.1) | 5,201 (11.7) | |
| Meeting PA goal (average 150+ min/week) | < 0.001 | |||
| Met | 60,348 (45.0) | 36,503 (40.2) | 23,845 (54.9) | |
| Not met | 73,837 (55.0) | 54,260 (59.8) | 19,577 (45.1) | |
| Participants’ characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | < 0.001 | |||
| 18–44 | 43,914 (30.6) | 36,577 (36.9) | 7,337 (16.5) | |
| 45–64 | 78,178 (54.5) | 51,751 (52.3) | 26,427 (59.5) | |
| 65+ | 21,397 (14.9) | 10,718 (10.8) | 10,679 (24.0) | |
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 35,401 (24.7) | 25,564 (25.8) | 9,837 (22.1) | |
| Female | 107,990 (75.3) | 73,437 (74.1) | 34,553 (77.8) | |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.09 | |||
| Hispanic | 12,898 (9.0) | 9,138 (9.2) | 3,760 (8.5) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 17,088 (11.9) | 11,477 (11.6) | 5,611 (12.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic othera | 20,846 (14.5) | 14,790 (14.9) | 6,056 (13.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 92,657 (64.6) | 63,641 (64.3) | 29,016 (65.3) | |
| Education level | 0.06 | |||
| High school or less | 3,410 (10.1) | 2,102 (9.5) | 1,308 (11.2) | |
| Some college or technical school | 12,537 (37.1) | 8,598 (38.8) | 3,939 (33.8) | |
| College 4 years or more | 17,878 (52.9) | 11,480 (51.8) | 6,398 (54.9) | |
| Payer type | < 0.001 | |||
| Grant funding | 3,302 (7.8) | 1,363 (5.2) | 1,939 (11.9) | |
| Public insurer (Medicare or Medicaid) | 208 (0.5) | 83 (0.3) | 125 (0.8) | |
| Employer or private insurer | 36,985 (86.8) | 24,137 (91.7) | 12,848 (78.9) | |
| Self-pay or other | 2,114 (5.0) | 748 (2.8) | 1,366 (8.4) | |
| Enrollment Source | < 0.001 | |||
| Health care providersb | 2,035 (5.2) | 780 (3.1) | 1,255 (8.9) | |
| Community-based organizations or community health workers | 515 (1.3) | 130 (0.5) | 385 (2.7) | |
| Self or family/friends | 2,431 (6.2) | 1,382 (5.6) | 1,049 (7.4) | |
| Employers or insurers | 29,272 (75.0) | 20,045 (80.5) | 9,227 (65.4) | |
| Media or other | 4,757 (12.2) | 2,570 (10.3) | 2,187 (15.5) | |
| Body mass index (BMI) at enrollment | < 0.001 | |||
| Overweightc | 39,226 (27.3) | 26,373 (26.6) | 12,853 (28.9) | |
| Obesityd | 104,263 (72.7) | 72,673 (73.4) | 31,590 (71.1) | |
*p value was based on the Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test of the difference between participants’ characteristics and duration of participation. Italicized values indicate statistical significance at p < 0.05
aNon-Hispanic other race/ethnicity includes non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, or multiracial, or not reported
bIncludes primary care provider/office or specialist (e.g., MD, DO, PA, NP, or other staff at the provider’s office), or non-primary care health professional (e.g., pharmacist, dietitian)
cBMI, 23–29 for Asian or 25–29 for other race/ethnicity
dBMI, ≥ 30