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. 2019 Jul 13;11(7):1592. doi: 10.3390/nu11071592

Table 2.

Nutritional behaviors of the individuals: In the total group and divided by gender.

Age Category
(years)
Total Group Girls Boys p-Value
(V Cramer)
Girls vs. Boys
N % N % N %
Having breakfast every day before leaving for school
All age groups 8400 59.81 4178 55.32 4222 65.05
13 897 70.63 431 64.33 466 77.67 0.0000 4
(0.10)
14 1222 65.14 595 59.26 627 71.90
15 1267 63.00 587 56.44 680 70.03
16 1405 58.89 682 54.26 723 64.04
17 1620 58.25 836 54.36 784 63.12
18 1391 54.53 751 52.30 640 57.40
19 598 51.15 296 48.68 302 53.83
p-value 0.0000 1 0.0001 2 0.0000 3
V Cramer 0.10 0.08 0.14
Consuming fresh fruit every day (at least one serving)
All age groups 8071 57.47 4506 59.66 3565 54.93
13 857 67.48 468 69.85 389 64.83 0.0000 4
(0.05)
14 1242 66.20 686 68.33 556 63.76
15 1267 63.00 673 64.71 594 61.17
16 1322 55.41 746 59.35 576 51.02
17 1490 53.58 865 56.24 625 50.32
18 1322 51.82 751 52.30 571 51.21
19 571 48.85 317 52.14 254 45.28
p-value 0.0000 1 0.0000 2 0.0000 3
V Cramer 0.13 0.13 0.13
Consuming vegetables every day (at least two servings)
All age groups 6678 47.55 3658 48.43 3019 46.52
13 662 52.13 372 55.52 290 48.33 0.0241 4
(0.02)
14 1010 53.84 561 55.88 449 51.49
15 996 49.53 533 51.25 463 47.68
16 1130 47.36 614 48.85 516 45.70
17 1245 44.77 698 45.38 547 43.96
18 1135 44.51 616 42.90 519 46.56
19 500 42.77 264 43.42 236 42.07
p-value 0.0000 1 0.0000 2 0.0061 3
V Cramer 0.0 0.07 0.05
Drinking milk or milk beverages (yoghurt/kefir/butter milk, etc.) every day
All age groups 8478 60.38 4172 55.24 4306 66.36
13 860 67.72 438 65.37 422 70.33 0.0000 4
(0.11)
14 1279 68.18 643 64.04 636 72.94
15 1305 64.89 610 58.65 695 71.58
16 1392 58.34 674 53.62 718 63.60
17 1583 56.92 780 50.72 803 64.65
18 1435 56.27 729 50.80 706 63.32
19 624 53.42 298 49.01 326 58.21
p-value 0.0000 1 0.0000 2 0.0000 3
V Cramer 0.10 0.11 0.09
Consuming whole-grained bread every day
All age groups 5962 42.46 3302 43.72 2659 40.97
13 556 43.78 297 44.33 259 43.17 0.0010 4
(0.03)
14 809 43.12 447 44.52 362 41.51
15 871 43.33 467 44.95 404 41.61
16 1065 44.64 578 45.98 487 43.14
17 1198 43.08 679 44.15 519 41.71
18 1020 39.98 598 41.64 422 37.85
19 443 37.90 236 38.82 207 36.90
p-value 0.0007 1 p = 0.0566 p = 0.0548
V Cramer 0.04
Consuming fish at least once a week
All age groups 7023 50.02 3412 45.19 3610 55.63
13 662 52.13 341 50.90 321 53.50 0.0000 4
(0.1)
14 965 51.44 463 46.12 502 57.57
15 1021 50.80 469 45.10 552 56.91
16 1188 49.81 564 44.90 624 55.27
17 1330 47.84 673 43.79 657 52.82
18 1260 49.39 626 43.59 634 56.86
19 597 51.07 276 45.39 321 57.22
p-value 0.1057 0.0640 0.2130
V Cramer
Drinking sugared soft drinks few times a week
All age groups 7977 56.80 3764 49.83 4212 64.90
13 650 51.18 305 45.52 345 57.50 0.0000 4
(0.15)
14 1069 56.98 512 51.00 557 63.88
15 1202 59.77 540 51.92 662 68.18
16 1374 57.59 633 50.36 741 65.63
17 1546 55.59 719 46.75 827 66.51
18 1441 56.49 720 50.14 721 64.66
19 695 59.45 335 55.10 360 64.17
p-value 0.0000 1 0.0026 2 0.0019 3
V Cramer 0.05 0.05 0.06
Consuming sweets more than once a day
All age groups 6156 43.84 3428 45.39 2727 42.02
13 548 43.15 311 46.42 237 39.50 0.0000 4
(0.03)
14 840 44.78 465 46.31 375 43.00
15 926 46.05 486 46.73 440 45.31
16 1065 44.65 573 45.62 492 43.58
17 1216 43.73 690 44.86 526 42.27
18 1068 41.87 628 43.73 440 39.46
19 493 42.17 275 45.23 218 38.86
p-value p = 0.0912 p = 0.7863 0.0480 3
V Cramer 0.04
Consuming fast food (e.g., chips, burgers etc.) more than two times a week
All age groups 2906 20.70 1360 18.01 1545 23.81
13 206 16.22 99 14.78 107 17.83 0.0000 4
(0.07)
14 314 16.74 145 14.54 168 19.27
15 385 19.14 170 16.35 215 22.14
16 513 21.50 226 17.98 287 25.42
17 622 22.37 299 19.44 323 25.93
18 590 23.14 295 20.54 295 26.48
19 276 23.63 125 20.56 151 26.96
p-value 0.0000 1 0.0002 2 0.0000 3
V Cramer 0.06 0.06 0.07

1 Significant differences in the examined nutritional behaviors between age categories in the total group; 2 significant differences in the examined nutritional behaviors between age categories in girls; 3 significant differences in the examined nutritional behaviors between age categories in boys; 4 significant differences in the examined nutritional behaviors between girls and boys, the chi2 Pearson test.