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Main effects related to Mediterranean diet adherence on cognitive function. Green arrows indicate the increase of the possible effects on brain, those including ROS production decrease and, in consequence, less tau phosphorylation, apoptosis, Aβ accumulation, and neurodegeneration. IL-1β, interleukin 1-beta; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NO, nitric oxide; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha.
