| MRS | magnetic resonance spectroscopy |
| LC/MS | liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| SPECIAL | short-TE spin-echo full-intensity acquired localized single voxel spectroscopy |
| Gln | glutamine |
| Glu | glutamate |
| PCC | posterior cingulate cortex |
| Cbll | cerebellum |
| Glx | sum of Glu and Gln |
| MSG | monosodium glutamate |
| BBB | blood brain barrier |
| VOI | volume of interest |
| OVS | outer volume suppression |
| VAPOR | variable-pulse power and optimized relaxation delays |
| %CoV | percent coefficient of variance |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| WM | white matter |
| GM | grey matter |
| SNR | signal-to-noise ratio |
| NAA | N-acetylaspartate |
| MM | macromolecules |
| Ala | alanine |
| Asp | aspartate |
| PCh | phosphocholine |
| Cr | creatine |
| PCr | phosphocreatine |
| GABA | γ-aminobutyric acid |
| GSH | glutathione |
| Gly | glycine |
| mI | myo-inositol |
| Lac | lactate |
| Scyllo | scyllo-inositol |
| Tau | taurine |
| Glc | glucose |
| NAAG | N-acetylaspartylglutamate |
| GPC | glycerophosphocholine |
| PE | phosphorylethanolamine |
| Ser | serine |
| 2Na·EDTA | disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate |
| HPLC-ESI-MS | high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry |
| tCr | sum of Cr and PCr |
| tNAA | sum of NAA and NAAG |
| tCho | sum of GPC and PCh |
| CRLB | Cramér–Rao lower bound |