Table 4.
Plant derived-compounds with anti-prostate cancer effects.
| Bioactive Compounds | In Vitro | In Vivo | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkaloids | |||
| (−)-Anonaine | + | - | [182] |
| (−)-Caaverine | + | - | [182] |
| (−)-Nuciferine | + | - | [182] |
| 6-Hydroxycrinamine | + | - | [183] |
| 7-Hydroxydehydronuciferine | + | - | [182] |
| Capsaicin | + | - | [184] |
| Crinamine | + | - | [183] |
| Emetine | + | + | [185,186] |
| Liriodenine | + | - | [182] |
| Lycorine | + | + | [183,187] |
| Matrine | + | - | [188] |
| Oxymatrine | + | - | [188] |
| Oxysophocarpine | + | - | [188] |
| Schisanspheninal A | + | - | [189] |
| Sophocarpine | + | - | [188] |
| Tetrandrine | + | - | [190] |
| Carotenoids | |||
| Crocetin | + | - | [133] |
| Crocin | + | - | [132] |
| Fatty acid | |||
| (E)-ethyl 8-methylnon-6-enoate | + | - | [123] |
| Phenolic compounds | |||
| α-Mangostin | + | + | [191]. |
| γ-Tocopherol | + | - | [192] |
| δ-Tocotrienol | + | - | [192] |
| (-)-5,7-Difluoroepicatechin-3-O-gallate | + | - | [193] |
| (-)-Epicatechin-3-O-gallate | + | - | [193] |
| 10-Gingerol | + | - | [175] |
| 6-Gingerol | + | - | [175] |
| 6-Prenylnaringenin | + | - | [194] |
| 6-Shogoal | + | - | [175] |
| 7-o-Galloyl catechin | + | - | [195] |
| 8-Gingerol | + | - | [175] |
| 8-Prenylnaringenin | + | - | [194] |
| Afzelin | + | - | [196] |
| Altholactone | + | - | [197] |
| Apigenin | + | [198] | |
| Camptothin B | + | - | [141] |
| Catechin | + | - | [195] |
| Catechin-3-o-gallate | + | - | [195] |
| Chlorogenic acid | + | - | [130] |
| Chrysin | + | - | [199] |
| Cinnamaldehyde | + | - | [200] |
| Cornusiin A | + | - | [141] |
| Cornusiin H | + | - | [141] |
| Curcumin | + | + | [201,202,203,204] |
| Decursin | + | - | [117] |
| Decursinol angelate | + | - | [117] |
| Dehydrozingerone | + | - | [205] |
| Delphinidin | + | + | [206,207] |
| Ellagic acid | + | + | [208,209] |
| Eugenol | + | - | [200] |
| Fisetin | + | + | [210] |
| Flavokawain A | + | + | [211] |
| Flavopiridol | + | + | [212] |
| Garcinol | + | + | [213,214] |
| Ginkgetin | + | + | [215] |
| Hesperetin | + | - | [216] |
| Hirsutenone | + | - | [217] |
| HLBT-100 or HLBT-001 (5,3′-dihydroxy- 6,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavanone) | + | - | [218] |
| Honokiol | + | - | [219] |
| Icarisid II | + | - | [220] |
| Isoangustone A | + | - | [221,222] |
| Isovitexin | + | - | [139] |
| Juglone | + | - | [223] |
| Licoricidin | + | - | [221,222] |
| Magnolol | + | - | [224] |
| Mangiferin | + | + | [225,226] |
| Maysin | + | - | [227] |
| Methyl gallate | + | - | [195] |
| Osthol | + | - | [4,228] |
| Oxyfadichalcones A | + | - | [229] |
| Oxyfadichalcones B | + | - | [229] |
| Oxyfadichalcones C | + | - | [229] |
| Oxyfadichalcones D | + | - | [229] |
| Oxyfadichalcones E | + | - | [229] |
| Oxyfadichalcones F | + | - | [229] |
| Oxyfadichalcones G | + | - | [229] |
| Paeonol | + | + | [230] |
| Peperotetraphin | + | - | [231] |
| Physangulatins I | + | - | [232] |
| Plumbagin | + | + | [155,233] |
| Punicalagin | + | - | [234] |
| Quercetin | + | + | [235,236,237] |
| Resveratrol | + | + | [238,239,240] |
| Rutin | + | - | [241] |
| Tannic acid | + | - | [242] |
| Tricin | + | - | [243] |
| Xanthohumol | + | - | [188,244] |
| Protein | |||
| Agglutinin | + | + | [245] |
| Diffusa cyclotide 1 | + | - | [246] |
| Diffusa cyclotide 2 | + | - | [246] |
| Diffusa cyclotide 3 | + | + | [246] |
| Lectin ConBr | + | - | [247] |
| Lectin ConM | + | - | [247] |
| Lectin DLasiL | + | - | [247] |
| Lectin DSclerL | + | - | [247] |
| Terpenoids | |||
| α-Santalol | + | + | [248] |
| 4S,5R,9S,10R-Labdatrien-6,19-olide | + | - | [249] |
| (20R)-Dammarane-3β,12β,20,25-tetrol (25-OH-PPD) | + | + | [250] |
| Andrographolide | + | + | [251] |
| Celastrol | + | + | [252] |
| Citral | + | - | [135] |
| Diosgenin | + | - | [253]. |
| Euphol | + | - | [254] |
| Isocuparenal | + | - | [189] |
| Jungermannenone A | + | - | [255] |
| Jungermannenone B | + | - | [255] |
| Muricins M | + | - | [256] |
| Muricins N | + | - | [256] |
| Nummularic acid | + | - | [257] |
| Oenotheralanosterol B | + | - | [258] |
| Plectranthoic acid | + | - | [259] |
| Sutherlandioside D | + | - | [166]. |
| Widdaranal A | - | [189] | |
| Widdaranal B | + | - | [189] |
| Widdarol peroxide | + | - | [189] |
| Withaferin A | + | - | [260] |
-, no effect observed; +, positive effect.