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. 2019 Aug 5;9:187. doi: 10.1038/s41398-019-0524-4

Table 1.

Description of clinical items used for multivariate prediction models in the MARS cohort

Category Model Variable description Short name Type MARS discovery sample MARS validation sample p-valuea
Mean SD Mean SD
% %
Sociodemographic data 0 Age at study inclusion (years) age N 48.26 14.02 45.48 14.99 0.008c
0 Sex (% female) sex D 53.72 % 53.39 % 0.941
0 Living with a partner spouse D 50.24% 38.56% 0.001b
0 School years of education (university not considered) (years) education N 10.33 1.46 10.21 1.51 0.275
0 Being in training/retirement vs. employment training_retirement D 25.42% 22.46% 0.393
0 Employment status: unemployed/part time/full time employment N 1.54 0.78 1.56 0.78 0.678
Diagnosis 0 ICD-10 code for recurrent depressive disorders (F33) (%) ICD10 C 64.63% 66.95% 0.536
History of depressive disorder 0 Age at disease onset (years) age_on N 36.51 15.16 34.06 14.26 0.027b
0 Number of previous depressive episodes prev_epi N 2.62 5.24 2.58 3.69 0.894
0 Any suicide attempt before current episode s_history D 19.54% 9.32% 0.0001c
0 Psychotic symptoms in any previous episode psychot_history D 11.15% 3.81% 0.0004c
Family history 0 Family history of any mental disorders fam_history D 63.19% 64.41% 0.760
0 Family history of schizophrenic disorders fam_F20_F25 N d 0.08 0.37 0.06 0.32 0.340
0 Family history of bipolar disorders fam_F31 N d 0.05 0.31 0.08 0.37 0.348
0 Family history of affective disorders (except bipolar disorder) fam_F32_ _F34 N d 0.88 0.95 0.87 0.96 0.857
0 Family history of attempted suicide fam_X60 N d 0.23 0.58 0.16 0.46 0.082
Information on current episode 0 Duration of the current episode (weeks) index_d N 34.54 58.74 32.19 51.58 0.577
0 ATRQ total score of treatment resistance for pre-medication ATRQ_score N 1.09 0.90 1.01 1.33 0.311
0 Suicide attempt during the current episode s_current D 10.31% 2.54% <0.0001c
0 Psychotic symptoms during the current episode psychot_current D 10.43% 2.97% 0.0001c
Basic medical and baseline laboratory data 0 Body height (m) height N 1.72 0.09 1.72 0.09 0.545
0 Body weight (kg) weight N 25.65 6.07 25.94 5.28 0.504
0 Body mass index (m 2/kg) BMI N 25.34 4.41 25.94 5.27 0.075
0 Heart rate (1/min) HR N 82.75 13.16 80.45 12.14 0.016b
0 Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) RRsys N 125.78 18.10 128.04 17.44 0.088
0 Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) RRdia N 78.70 11.06 79.10 11.97 0.640
0 Morning cortisol level (µg/l) cort_basal N 200.53 39.61 206.70 63.54 0.068
0 Thyroid stimulating hormone level (µIU/l) TSH N 1.47 1.02 1.75 1.21 0.0005c
0 Free T3 hormone level (pmol/l) fT3 N 4.57 0.93 4.45 0.62 0.065
0 Free T4 hormone level (pmol/l) fT4 N 16.16 9.23 15.29 3.57 0.158
0 CRP level (mg/l) CRP N 1.49 2.92 2.83 9.00 0.0002c
0 HBA1c level (mmol/mol) HbA1C N 5.34 0.34 5.31 0.35 0.209
Life events 0 Sum of life events L-Event N 29.50 10.46 30.23 11.83 0.359
0 Stress-weighted sum of life events wL-Event N 82.30 38.65 86.36 47.94 0.177
Baseline psychopathology 0 Symptom checklist-90-R (SCL-90R) for somatization scl_som N 0.97 0.64 0.99 0.64 0.488
0 SCL-90R for compulsiveness scl_comp N 1.77 0.72 1.70 0.69 0.177
0 SCL-90R for uncertainty in social contact scl_uncert N 1.30 0.77 1.33 0.83 0.630
0 SCL-90R for depression scl_dep N 2.08 0.73 2.06 0.76 0.660
0 SCL-90R R for anxiety scl_anx N 1.37 0.70 1.31 0.75 0.258
0 SCL-90R for aggressiveness/hostility scl_agg N 0.77 0.60 0.86 0.69 0.046b
0 SCL-90R for phobic anxiety scl_pho N 0.88 0.75 0.94 0.83 0.283
0 SCL-90R for paranoid ideation scl_par N 0.92 0.72 0.99 0.82 0.218
0 SCL-90R for psychoticism scl_psy N 0.83 0.55 0.80 0.54 0.507
Personality items 0 Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ)-RK neuroticism epq_neu N 6.85 2.50 6.84 2.73 0.938
0 EPQ-RK psychoticism epq_psy N 1.92 1.24 2.16 1.40 0.010b
0 EPQ-RK extraversion epq_ext N 5.20 2.97 5.07 3.03 0.567
0 Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) Harm avoidance total tpq_ha N 20.63 5.58 20.27 5.92 0.386
0 TPQ Novelty Seeking total tpq_ns N 13.07 3.81 14.04 4.41 0.001b
0 TPQ Reward Dependence total tpq_rd N 17.75 3.30 17.50 3.84 0.318
0 TPQ Reward Dependence–Subscale Persistence tpq_rd2 N 4.81 1.70 4.88 1.86 0.623
HAM-D single items (baseline) 1, 3 21 HAM-D single items (baseline) HAM-D0_01-HAM-D0_21 N N/Te N/Te N/Te N/Te N/Te
Early partial response (at week 2) 2, 3 HAM-D early partial response (≥25% reduction) after 2 weeks HD_2WE D N/Te N/Te N/Te N/Te N/Te

N numerical, D dichotomous, C categorical

aTwo-sided comparisons between the MARS discovery and validation samples (Fisher’s exact test and Fisher-Freeman-Halton test for dichotomous and categorical variables; Student’s t-test for numerical variables)

bNominal significance (p < 0.05)

cSignificance after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, here: p < 0.05/50 = 0.001

dTo allow optimal use in a parametric test, variables were coded as 0 (no relative affected), 1 (only second-degree relatives affected), and 2 (first-degree or first-degree and second-degree relatives affected).

eNot tested as these items were not part of model 0.