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. 2019 Aug 5;9:11312. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47841-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Photosensitizers lipophilicity and their location in lipid membrane are crucial in the photosensitizing effect. Though FCS and DLS techniques can not reveal the detailed molecular steps of lipid oxidation, both the contact-independent and contact-dependent pathways requires a rather short distance between the photosensitizer and the target group. Thus the most favourable location of porphyrins for high efficient photosensitizing effect is the middle of bilayer. (Increasing hydrophobic environment marked by more and more darker grey circles, the highest oxygen concentration marked by the light blue band).