. 2019 Jul 4;11(7):1526. doi: 10.3390/nu11071526

Table 2.

Parameter changes during dietetic treatment (baseline, four weeks, eight weeks).

Parameters	Basal	Four Weeks	Eight Weeks	Δ Base–Four Weeks	Δ Four Weeks–Eight Weeks	Δ Base–Eight Weeks	p Base–Four Weeks	p Four Weeks–Eight Weeks	p Base–Eight Weeks
Parameters	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Δ Base–Four Weeks	Δ Four Weeks–Eight Weeks	Δ Base–Eight Weeks	p Base–Four Weeks	p Four Weeks–Eight Weeks	p Base–Eight Weeks
ANTHROPOMETRY
Weight (kg)	104.43 ± 18.85	92.85 ± 27.61	89.07 ± 26.17	−11.07	−4.04	−15.77	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
BMI (kg/m²)	37.09 ± 6.83	34.75 ± 6.50	33.25 ± 5.99	−6.42	−4.12	−10.27	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Neck circumference (cm)	43.08 ± 3.36	41.59 ± 3.22	40.92 ± 3.0’	−3.99	−1.35	−4.92	0.000 *	0.070	0.000 *
Waist circumference (cm)	113.56± 12.71	109.33 ± 9.86	101.65 ± 11.23	−4.87	−5.98	−10.37	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Abdomen circumference (cm)	123.79 ± 12.96	119.21 ± 13.14	110.99 ± 12.52	−4.82	−6.12	−10.31	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Hip circumference (cm)	118.65 ± 14.5	114.09 ± 12.58	108.32 ± 11.57	−3.38	−5.15	−8.38	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Handgrip (dominant hand) (kg)	26.81 ± 8.03	27.34 ± 7.73	29.00 ± 7.32	1.60	2.23	3.39	0.640	0.070	0.050
DXA
Arm FM (kg)	4.74 ± 1.30	4.36 ± 1.14	4.16 ± 1.17	−7.58	−7.39	−10.26	0.070	0.230	0.010 *
Leg FM (kg)	11.6 ± 4.18	10.97 ± 4.16	10.05 ± 3.75	−4.52	−8.21	−12.37	0.010 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Trunk FM (kg)	28.35 ± 9.47	24.33 ± 6.68	21.33 ± 6.04	−9.64	−12.28	−20.72	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Android FM (kg)	5.12 ± 1.87	4.28 ± 1.29	3.66 ± 1.23	−11.46	−14.96	−24.80	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Gynoid FM (kg)	6.53 ± 2.05	5.97 ± 1.92	5.34 ± 1.63	−6.86	−10.13	−16.33	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Whole FM (kg)	46.15 ± 13.22	42.35 ± 11.96	38.04 ± 11.18	−8.20	−10.36	−17.75	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Arm FM (%)	43.26 ± 9.9	42.55 ± 9.24	42.22 ± 9.11	−2.41	−3.74	−6.36	0.010 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Leg FM (%)	36.39 ± 9.56	36.64 ± 10.22	35.94 ± 10.41	−0.34	−4.87	−4.98	0.980	0.000 *	0.000 *
Trunk FM (%)	49.92 ± 6.6	48.32 ± 6.68	46.3 ± 7.18	−2.52	−6.13	−8.31	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Android FM (%)	53.15 ± 6.34	51.48 ± 6.66	49.29 ± 7.52	−2.57	−6.10	−8.22	0.010 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Gynoid FM (%)	42.51 ± 8.69	42.27 ± 9.24	41.19 ± 9.09	−1.13	−5.33	−6.38	0.200	0.000 *	0.000 *
Whole FM (%)	43.87 ± 7.38	42.89 ± 7.42	40.67 ± 7.59	−2.29	−6.13	−8.10	0.000 *	0.000 *	0.000 *
Arm LM (kg)	5.96 ± 1.84	5.74 ± 1.49	5.74 ± 1.69	−5.77	−1.78	−1.71	0.130	0.780	0.260
Leg LM (kg)	18.95 ± 4.26	17.97 ± 4.22	17.79 ± 4.46	−5.17	−1.37	−6.53	0.000 *	0.120	0.000 *
Trunk LM (kg)	26.56 ± 4.81	24.85 ± 4.69	24.54 ± 4.90	−5.30	−0.54	−6.09	0.000 *	0.490	0.000 *
Android LM (kg)	4.28 ± 0.89	3.91 ± 0.83	3.84 ± 0.85	−6.76	−1.59	−8.36	0.000 *	0.340	0.050
Gynoid LM (kg)	8.37 ± 1.63	7.85 ± 1.63	7.72 ± 1.71	−5.70	−1.54	−7.28	0.000 *	0.110	0.000 *
Whole LM (kg)	55.39 ± 10.52	52.9 ± 10.37	52.94 ± 10.46	−4.58	0.25	−4.49	0.000 *	0.790	0.000 *
Bone Mass (kg)	2.78 ± 0.59	2.80 ± 0.58	2.77 ± 0.59	−0.45	−1.02	−1.45	0.240	0.050	0.060
BIA
Rz (Ohm)	471.89 ± 69.35	516.71 ± 75.68	508.00 ± 62.24	8.88	−0.75	8.56	0.000 *	0.730	0.040
Xc (Ohm)	47.84 ± 13.45	52.94 ± 10.38	51.86 ± 7.44	15.51	0.57	14.89	0.010 *	0.690	0.110
TBW (kg)	44.98 ± 7.88	41.65 ± 7.43	41.08 ± 7.03	−5.71	−1.57	−6.43	0.000 *	0.280	0.000 *
ECW (kg)	21.28 ± 4.37	19.33 ± 3.22	19.01 ± 2.87	−8.05	−2.11	−7.99	0.000 *	0.110	0.010 *
BCM (kg)	31.37 ± 8.42	30.2 ± 7.14	29.69 ± 6.77	0.67	1.36	−0.11	0.900	0.600	0.570
PA (°)	5.81 ± 1.58	5.89 ± 1.06	5.89 ± 0.90	6.09	1.43	6.26	0.180	0.940	0.730
CALORIMETRY
VO₂ (mL/min)	251.88 ± 42.7	214.92 ± 33.56	235.03 ± 88.42	−14.85	0.56	−6.27	0.040 *	0.970	0.410
VCO₂ (mL/min)	208.88 ± 36.52	160.67 ± 34.26	160.81 ± 35.50	−20.49	−2.08	−23.80	0.040 *	0.510	0.000 *
RQ	0.83 ± 0.03	0.73 ± 0.04	0.73 ± 0.04	−12.37	0.07	−12.01	0.000 *	1.000	0.000 *
REE (kcal)	1784.50 ± 313.18	1435.33 ± 223.71	1498.00 ± 316.65	−16.83	1.94	−16.59	0.010 *	0.810	0.000 *

BMI: Body Mass Index; DXA: Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry; FM: Fat Mass; LM: Lean Mass; BIA: Bioimpedentiometry; Rz: Resistance; Xc: Reactance; TBW: Total Body Water; ECW: Extra Cellular Water; BCM: Body Cell Mass; PA: Phase Angle; VO₂: Volume of Oxygen; VCO₂: Volume of Carbon Dioxide; RQ: Respiratory Quotient; REE: Resting Energy Expenditure. All values are presented as mean ± standard deviation. * p < 0.05.