Table 4.
Multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for low muscle strength 1 according to tertiles of diet quality indices for the KHEI, aMED, and DASH score among elderly men and women in the 2014–2016.
| Men | Women | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | Unadjusted | Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||
| OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
| KHEI | ||||||||||||
| T1 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | ||||||
| T2 | 0.87 | (0.637,1.178) | 1.12 | (0.829,1.730) | 1.27 | (0.878,1.837) | 0.67 | (0.504,0.899) | 0.77 | (0.536,1.106) | 0.75 | (0.522,1.074) |
| T3 | 0.47 | (0.326,0.681) | 0.55 | (0.344,0.875) | 0.57 | (0.357,0.919) | 0.46 | (0.332,0.634) | 0.66 | (0.456,0.967) | 0.68 | (0.468,0.999) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.008 | 0.015 | <0.001 | 0.027 | 0.053 | ||||||
| aMED | ||||||||||||
| T1 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | ||||||
| T2 | 0.68 | (0.476,0.968) | 0.89 | (0.594,1.343) | 0.91 | (0.602,1.377) | 0.69 | (0.486,0.972) | 0.74 | (0.496,1.102) | 0.74 | (0.499,1.110) |
| T3 | 0.38 | (0.275,0.517) | 0.59 | (0.409,0.861) | 0.64 | (0.440,0.933) | 0.38 | (0.280,0.526) | 0.45 | (0.308,0.668) | 0.47 | (0.319,0.699) |
| P for trend | <0.001 | 0.005 | 0.014 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| DASH | ||||||||||||
| T1 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | ||||||
| T2 | 0.88 | (0.658,1.186) | 0.78 | (0.545,1.119) | 0.81 | (0.560,1.158) | 0.84 | (0.618,1.153) | 0.80 | (0.546,1.176) | 0.82 | (0.884,1.214) |
| T3 | 0.66 | (0.469,0.931) | 0.57 | (0.377,0.859) | 0.63 | (0.413,0.948) | 0.54 | (0.386,0.763) | 0.51 | (0.334,0.769) | 0.52 | (0.343,0.796) |
| P for trend | 0.018 | 0.010 | 0.032 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.004 | ||||||
1 Low muscle strength was defined as the lower 20th percentile of hand grip strength (men, 28.6 kg; women, 16.4 kg). KNHANES, Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; KHEI, Korean Healthy Eating Index; aMED, alternate Mediterranean Diet; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; T, tertile; ref, reference. Model 1: adjusted for age, BMI, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, number of physician diagnosed chronic conditions, energy intake, and age at menarche (women only) Model 2: adjusted for the variables in model 1, and physical activity