Fig. 4.

Random effect analysis of the association between use of CHW and impact on parasitaemia and hyperparasitaemia. Plot shows risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Estimates were calculated from data in the papers. Parasitaemia was defined as presence of any malaria parasite species [40, 41, 43, 48], or P. falciparum [39] by microscopy. Hyperparasitaemia was defined as parasite density 7000/μl [34], parasitaemia 5000/μl and over [41] and more than or equal to 2000 asexual forms of P. falciparum per mm [40] in the blood detected by microscopy. Due to high heterogeneity results were not pooled across studies quantifying the effect of community-delivered models on parasitaemia or hyperparasitaemia (I-squared = 93.4% and 87.5% respectively)