eTable 1. Medical morbidity and risk factors in patients with and without borderline personality disorder, psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, or severe unipolar depression (complete data; administrative data of all statutory health insured adults in Germany, age ≥ 18 years*¹, 2016).

		Borderline personality disorder		Psychotic disorders		Bipolar disorder		Severe unipolar depression
Medical morbidity / risk factor (base rate, i.e., prevalence in whole population)	ICD-10 code	OR*2	(95% CI)	OR*2	(95% CI)	OR*2	(95% CI)	OR	95-%-KI
Hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (0.675%)	B15–B24	4.28	[4.15; 4.40]	2.39	[2.35; 2.44]	1.91	[1.84; 1.99]	2.08	[2.05; 2.12]
Malignant neoplasms (MN) (8.062%)	C00–C97	1.11	[1.09; 1.14]	0.90	[0.89; 0.90]	1.07	[1.06; 1.09]	1.30	[1.29; 1.31]
MN of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx (0.153%)	C00–C14	1.33	[1.15; 1.53]	0.98	[0.92; 1.03]	0.97	[0.89; 1.12]	1.36	[1.31; 1.42]
MN of digestive organs (1.051%)	C15–C26	1.25	[1.17; 1.33]	0.92	[0.90; 0.94]	1.01	[0.97; 1.05]	1.25	[1.23; 1.27]
MN of respiratory and other intrathoracic organs (0.376%)	C30–C39	1.29	[1.17; 1.43]	1.05	[1.01; 1.09]	1.00	[0.93; 1.08]	1.45	[1.42; 1.48]
MN of bronchus and lung (0.288%)	C34	1.32	[1.18; 1.48]	1.07	[1.03; 1.11]	0.99	[0.91; 1.07]	1.46	[1.42; 1.50]
MN of bone and articular cartilage (0.040%)	C40–C41	1.32	[1.07; 1.64]	1.06	[0.95; 1.18]	1.36	[1.12; 1.65]	1.56	[1.45; 1.67]
Melanoma and other MN of skin (2.455%)	C43–C44	0.91	[0.87; 0.96]	0.76	[0.75; 0.77]	0.99	[0.97; 1.02]	1.08	[1.07; 1.09]
MN of mesothelial and soft tissue (0.107%)	C45–C49	1.28	[1.09; 1.50]	0.96	[0.90; 1.03]	1.15	[1.01; 1.30]	1.53	[1.47; 1.60]
MN of breast (1.493%)	C50	0.10	[0.93; 1.02]	1.00	[0.99; 1.02]	1.15	[1.12; 1.19]	1.36	[1.35; 1.38]
MN of female genital organs (0.482%)	C51–C58	1.70	[1.61; 1.80]	1.08	[1.05; 1.11]	1.13	[1.06; 1.19]	1.34	[1.32; 1.37]
MN of male genital organs (1.190%)	C60–C63	0.98	[0.90; 1.05]	0.77	[0.75; 0.79]	1.09	[1.04; 1.14]	1.37	[1.35; 1.39]
MN of prostate (1.080%)	C61	0.93	[0.85; 1.02]	0.74	[0.72; 0.76]	1.06	[1.01; 1.11]	1.36	[1.33; 1.38]
MN of urinary tract (0.682%)	C64–C68	1.16	[1.07; 1.27]	0.90	[0.88; 0.93]	1.01	[0.96; 1.07]	1.33	[1.30; 1.35]
MN of eye. brain, other CNS sites (0.114%)	C69–C72	1.42	[1.25; 1.61]	1.28	[1.21; 1.36]	1.27	[1.13; 1.43]	1.79	[1.72; 1.86]
MN of thyroid and other endocrine glands (0.175%)	C73–C75	1.12	[1.00; 1.25]	0.95	[0.90; 1.00]	1.35	[1.24; 1.48]	1.47	[1.43; 1.52]
MN of ill-defined, secondary, and unspecific sites (1.075%)	C76–C80	1.22	[1.16; 1.30]	0.96	[0.94; 0.98]	1.07	[1.02; 1.11]	1.42	[1.40; 1.44)
MN (primary) of lymphoid, hematopoietic, and related tissues (0.657%)	C81–C96	1.17	[1.09; 1.25]	0.92	[0.89; 0.94]	1.04	[0.99; 1.10]	1.33	[1.31; 1.36]
Hodgkin lymphoma (0.078%)	C81	1.08	[0.92; 1.27]	1.04	[0.96; 1.12]	1.10	[0.94; 1.29]	1.51	[1.43; 1.59]
MN as primary tumors at several sites (0.012%)	C97	1.35	[0.78; 2.33]	0.94	[0.77; 1.15]	1.31	[0.92; 1.88]	1.65	[1.46; 1.87]
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic ‧diseases (48.590%)	E00–E90	1.70	[1.69; 1.72]	1.42	[1.42; 1.43]	1.61	[1.59; 1.63]	1.75	[1.74; 1.76]
Diabetes mellitus (12.801%)	E10–E14	1.85	[1.82; 1.88]	1.61	[1.60; 1.62]	1.27	[1.25; 1.28]	1.41	[1.40; 1.41]
Obesity (12.442%)	E66	2.08	[2.06; 2.10]	1.60	[1.59; 1.61]	1.45	[1.43; 1.47]	1.53	[1.53; 1.54]
Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism and other lipidemias (22.891%)	E78	1.34	[1.32; 1.36]	0.99	[0.99; 1.00]	1.13	[1.11; 1.14]	1.37	[1.37; 1.38]
Organic mental disorders and dementias (4.063%)	F0, G30–G31	4.60	[4.50; 4.71]	8.43	[8.37; 8.49]	3.85	[3.79; 3.92]	3.09	[3.07; 3.11]
Mental and behavioral disorders due to alcohol (2.239%)	F10	12.23	[12.06; 12.40]	4.25	[4.22; 4.29]	4.10	[4.03; 4.17]	3.18	[3.15; 3.20]
Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychotropic substances (except alcohol) (6.937%)	F11–F19	5.28	[5.22; 5.33]	3.02	[3.00; 3.03]	2.27	[2.24; 2.30]	2.18	[2.17; 2.20]
Diseases of the circulatory system (47.391%)	I00–I99	1.50	[1.49; 1.52]	1.15	[1.14; 1.16]	1.26	[1.25; 1.28]	1.63	[1.62; 1.63]
Hypertension (35.640%)	I10–I15	1.40	[1.39; 1.42]	1.01	[1.00; 1.02]	1.12	[1.11; 1.14]	1.42	[1.42; 1.43]
Ischemic heart disease (8.841%)	I20–I25	1.60	[1.56; 1.64]	1.02	[1.02; 1.03]	1.13	[1.11; 1.15]	1.53	[1.52; 1.54]
Cardiac arrhythmia (9.722%)	I44–I49	1.46	[1.43; 1.49]	0.97	[0.96; 0.97]	1.11	[1.09; 1.13]	1.33	[1.32; 1.33]
Atrial fibrillation (4.246%)	I48	1.18	[1.13; 1.22]	0.93	[0.92; 0.94]	0.98	[0.96; 1.00]	1.15	[1.14; 1.16]
Heart failure (4.783%)	I50	1.82	[1.77; 1.88]	1.48	[1.47; 1.49]	1.32	[1.29; 1.34]	1.53	[1.52; 1.55]
Cerebrovascular disease (6.365%)	I60–I69	1.79	[1.74; 1.83]	1.39	[1.38; 1.40]	1.47	[1.44; 1.49]	1.76	[1.75; 1.77]
Diseases of the arteries, arterioles, capillaries (7.230%)	I70–I79	1.66	[1.63; 1.70]	1.01	[1.00; 1.02]	1.15	[1.14; 1.17]	1.41	[1.40; 1.42]
Respiratory system diseases (46.156%)	J00–J99	1.41	[1.40; 1.42]	0.96	[0.96; 0.97]	1.16	[1.15; 1.17]	1.43	[1.42; 1.43]
Pneumonia (1.008%)	J12–J18	1.74	[1.67; 1.81]	1.71	[1.68; 1.74]	1.55	[1.49; 1.61]	1.67	[1.64; 1.67]
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (6.060%)	J43–J44	2.60	[2.55; 2.64]	1.58	[1.57; 1.59]	1.43	[1.41; 1.46]	1.79	[1.78; 1.80]
Asthma (7.549%)	J45–J46	2.12	[2.09; 2.14]	1.07	[1.06; 1.08]	1.31	[1.29; 1.33]	1.60	[1.59; 1.61]
Injuries, poisonings, other consequences of external causes (28.229%)	S00–T98	1.96	[1.94; 1.97]	1.19	[1.18; 1.19]	1.38	[1.37; 1.40]	1.49	[1.48; 1.49]
External causes of morbidity and mortality (0.297%)	V01–Y98	4.29	[4.12; 4.46]	1.81	[1.76; 1.87]	1.85	[1.73; 1.97]	1.88	[1.84; 1.93]
Accidents (0.161%)	V01–X59	2.20	[2.05; 2.36]	1.26	[1.20; 1.33]	1.49	[1.35; 1.64]	1.41	[1.35; 1.46]
Intentional self-harm (0.011%)	X60–X84	56.22	[52.76; 59.90]	18.81	[17.57; 20.15]	11.10	[9.53; 12.93]	15.73	[14.73; 16.68]

All odds ratios (OR) are shown, irrespective of significance or effect size; in the case of a lower/upper CI limits of <1 or >1 respectively, the result is statistically significant (p <0.05; in most cases

p < 0.01); effects that are both significant and rated as substantial (OR >1.436 or OR <0.696) are in bold type.

Results are adjusted for age and sex.

*¹ Data from statutory health insurance funds; 2016: N = 59 561 310 (not included: adults in Germany with private [10.5%] and no [ca. 2%] health insurance); mean age = 51.25 years, % female 55.40; ICD-10 diagnoses included: F60.3x, F2x, F30.x/F31.x, F32.2/F33.2/F33.2/F33.3

*² OR with 95% CI; adjusted for age and sex; reference groups: respective diagnosis not present