Table 1.

Published Literature on the Burden of Influenza in Long-term Care Facilities

Author, Publication Year	Study Design	Country	Study Dates	Type of study	Age, Mean (SD)a, in years	n Infected / N at Riskb	Incidence Estimates
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1983 [28]	Retrospective Cohort	United States	December 1, 1982 - January 4, 1983	Outbreak	86.4	23 / 27	85.2%
Horman et al., 1986 [29]	Retrospective Cohort	United States	December 8, 1980 - January 13, 1981	Outbreak	83.2 (range 62–100)	Influenza Definition 1—Chest congestion/cough and temperature ≥ 37.8 °C: 12 / 59; Influenza Definition 2—Chest congestion or cough or temperature ≥ 37.8 °C: 28 / 59	Definition 1—20.3%; Definition 2—47.4%
Deguchi et al., 2000 [38]	Randomized Controlled Trial	Japan	November 1998–March 1999	Non-outbreak	81.4	694 / 11,723	5.9%

^aIf available and unless another measure is specified

^bThe estimates and study participants’ characteristics were calculated among the unvaccinated individuals