TABLE 1.

Artemisinin and flavonoid levels and antimalarial efficacy of plant extracts.

	Artemisinin (mg/mL)	Casticin (mg/mL)	Dehydroxycasticin (mg/mL)	Cirsilineol (mg/mL)	Chrysoplenol C (mg/mL)	Artemetin (mg/mL)	Total detected flavonoid (mg/mL)	EC50 (ng/mL) [95% CI]
Wild type	5.00±0.80b	0.51±0.07c	0.09±0.01c	0.11±0.04b	0.004±0.003a	0.00a	0.71±0.12c	15.6 [14.5–16.8]
chi1-1 het	5.00±0.28b	0.36±0.02b	0.042±0.009b	0.00a	0.005±0.002a	0.00a	0.40±0.03b	34.6 [31.7–37.9]
chi1-1 hom	5.00±0.44b	0.00a	0.00a	0.00a	0.00a	0.00a	0.00a	25.7 [25.1–26.4]
AMS silenced line	0.062±0.007a	0.50±0.06c	0.021±0.007ab	0.006±0.002a	0.00a	0.12±0.01c	0.65±0.08c	350.4 [303.1–405.1]
cyp71av1-1 het	5.00±0.55b	0.69±0.04d	0.15±0.02d	0.00a	0.074±0.012b	0.00a	0.91±0.05d	14.1 [13.5–14.7]
cyp71av1-1 hom	0.00a	0.61±0.14cd	0.31±0.05e	0.00a	0.00a	0.08±0.01b	1.00±0.19d	4220 [3820–4665]

Mean concentrations and standard deviations from the mean of five technical replicates are shown. Total detected flavonoid is the sum of the five listed flavonoids. Letters represent Tukey’s range test results after one way ANOVA for each metabolite or total detected flavonoids. Genotypes not sharing letters indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). EC₅₀ is the 50% effective concentration of extract needed to inhibit growth of the Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Artemisinin concentrations have been normalized to 5 mg/ml in wild type, chi1-1 het, chi1-1 hom and cyp71av1-1 as detailed in section “Whole-Leaf Extraction for P. falciparum Kill Rate Assays.”