Table 4.

Levels of plasma biomarkers for endometriosis (all stages) versus controls.

Biomarker	Phase of cycle	Technical verification study			Validation study
		Control	Endometriosis	p-value	Control	Endometriosis	p-value
CA-125 (U/ml)	All (no med)	15.61	19.28	∗	13.00	20.00	∗∗∗∗
		(11.38-22.52)	(13.11-31.76)		(9.000- 16.00)	(14.00- 29.75)
	Menstrual	19.49	20.56	NS	16.00	25.00	NS
		(12.39-27.42)	(14.83-37.39)		(13.00- 23.50)	(13.00- 50.00)
	Follicular	11.97	18.81	∗	11.00	20.00	∗∗
		(9.859-16.13)	(12.16-29.44)		(8.000-17.00)	(11.75- 27.50)
	Luteal	16.99	19.09	NS	12.00	19.00	∗∗∗
		(12.62-25.34)	(13.07-30.30)		(9.500- 13.00)	(15.00- 25.00)
	Medication	N/A	N/A	N/A	9.000	15.00	∗
					(5.000- 12.00)	(9.750- 24.25)
VEGF (pg/ml)	All (no med)	41.44	40.82	NS	404.6	442.9	NS
		(27.49- 58.59)	(28.52- 67.48)		(296.5-545.1)	(299.5-525.8)
	Menstrual	43.69	44.57	NS	414.3	478.8	NS
		(29.50- 54.13)	(30.62- 68.32)		(364.5-507.0)	(366.7-548.9)
	Follicular	34.90	40.16	NS	400.0	424.0	NS
		(25.17- 47.24)	(26.24- 61.08)		(278.5-581.5)	(254.4-521.2)
	Luteal	56.22	38.05	NS	399.3	425.4	NS
		(22.36-98.14)	(27.12-76.66)		(312.3-568.1)	(322.3-512.2)
	Medication	N/A	N/A	N/A	368.7	376.5	NS
					(217.2-490.4)	(263.4-449.7)
Annexin V	All (no med)	15.51	12.62	NS	7.322	10.16	NS
(ng/ml)		(11.41-20.56)	(8.860-19.59)		(3.568-49.06)	(3.051-43.65)
	Menstrual	15.69	16.05	NS	4.519	6.031	NS
		(13.94-18.17)	(9.640-22.31)		(2.031-25.69)	(2.387-26.19)
	Follicular	15.06	12.67	NS	9.320	11.39	NS
		(11.16-18.06)	(6.565-19.73)		(3.097-24.11)	(3.280-45.55)
	Luteal	17.13	11.95	NS	17.05	10.40	NS
		(8.490-24.31)	(8.610-18.25)		(3.881-63.47)	(3.364-60.85)
	Medication	N/A	N/A	N/A	17.41	4.977	∗
					(4.489-57.69)	(2.523-11.56)
sICAM-1 (ng/ml)	All (no med)	154.8	147.7	NS	209.5	201.0	NS
		(137.4-182.1)	(130.9-195.5)		(183.3- 236.2)	(171.0-226.2)
	Menstrual	176.0	172.4	NS	195.7	201.0	NS
		(135.0-246.9)	(130.9-298.0)		(186.0-230.2)	(167.8-226.7)
	Follicular	149.0	153.2	NS	207.9	210.9	NS
		(130.7-170.8)	(129.4-204.2)		(171.0-228.9)	(168.3-237.4)
	Luteal	155.7	144.3	NS	227.4	186.8	NS
		(134.1-177.1)	(130.7-164.6)		(189.1-241.2)	(171.8-216.3)
	Medication	N/A	N/A	N/A	227.4	182.3	∗∗
					(197.7-260.3)	(163.8-204.7)
Glycodelin	All (no med)	29.06	34.76	NS	3.237	5.612	∗
(ng/ml)		(11.90-47.50)	(16.20-85.41)		(1.254-11.30)	(2.250-17.83)
	Menstrual	45.68	109.7	NS	7.242	19.68	NS
		(37.62-109.1)	(39.79-190.7)		(2.312-19.86)	(10.46-40.30)
	Follicular	12.87	17.42	NS	1.573	5.191	NS
		(9.850-23.80)	(10.19-34.30)		(0.9660-7.578)	(2.126-9.351)
	Luteal	31.13	43.26	NS	5.026	3.669	NS
		(11.91-54.83)	(20.29-99.28)		(1.513-11.30)	(1.772-8.920)
	Medication	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.9502	2.535	NS
					(0.6382-3.436)	(1.032-4.221)

Data are presented as the median and interquartile range. Mann-Whitney test was performed for all phases combined, while Kruskal-Wallis with post-hoc Dunn's analysis was done when biomarkers were analyzed according to cycle phase. No med = no medication. NS = not significant. N/A indicates that there was no medication cohort included in the technical verification study