Table 1.
Hospital Visit Information During Twelve-month Baseline Period Prior to Intervention Activation*
| Intervention (n = 4544) | Control (n = 4515) | Total (n = 9059) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary complaint, n (%)† | 0.17 | |||
| Neck pain | 511 (11.3) | 485 (10.7) | 996 (11.0) | |
| Headache or migraine | 325 (7.2) | 543 (12.0) | 868 (9.6) | |
| Chronic pain | 24 (0.5) | 29 (0.6) | 53 (0.6) | |
| Generalized pain | 492 (10.8) | 388 (8.6) | 880 (9.7) | |
| Other | 3192 (70.3) | 3070 (68.0) | 6262 (69.1) | |
| Admission diagnosis, n (%)† | 0.21 | |||
| Neck pain | 353 (7.8) | 322 (7.1) | 675 (7.5) | |
| Headache or migraine | 293 (6.5) | 515(11.4) | 808 (8.9) | |
| Chronic pain | 50 (1.1) | 52 (1.2) | 102 (1.1) | |
| Generalized pain | 409 (9.0) | 304 (6.7) | 713(7.9) | |
| Other | 3439 (75.7) | 3322 (73.6) | 6761 (74.6) | |
| Payer type, n (%) | 0.10 | |||
| Commercial/managed care | 408 (9.0) | 469 (10.4) | 877 (9.7) | |
| Medicaid | 3122 (68.7) | 3047 (67.5) | 6169(68.1) | |
| Medicare | 976 (21.5) | 977 (21.6) | 1953(21.6) | |
| Other‡ | 38 (0.8) | 22 (0.5) | 60 (0.7) | |
| ED visits | 0.64 | |||
| Mean (SD) | 22.72 (12.4) | 21.92 (8.7) | 22.31 (10.6) | |
| Prescribed opioids | 0.04 | |||
| Mean (SD) | 0.26 (0.5) | 0.28 (0.5) | 0.27 (0.5) | |
ED = emergency department.
Percentages are column based.
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes. Neck Pain: 723, 723.1 722.7, 722.71, 722, 722.1, 724, 724.2, 724.5; Headache/Migraine: 307.81, 339, 339.01, 339.02, 339.05, 339.1, 339.11, 339.12, 339.2, 339.21, 339.22, 339.3, 339.4, 339.42, 339.43, 339.44, 339.8, 339.81, 339.82, 339.83, 339.84, 339.85, 339.89, 784, 346, 346.01, 346.02, 346.03. 346.1, 346.11. 346.12, 346.13, 346.2, 346.21, 346.22, 346.23, 346.3, 346.31, 346.32, 346.33, 346.4, 346.41, 346.42, 346.43, 346.5, 346.51, 346.52, 346.53, 346.6,346.61, 346.62, 346.63, 346.7, 346.71, 346.72, 346.73, 346.8, 346.81, 346.82, 346.83, 346.9,346.91, 346.92, 346.93; Chronic Pain: 338.2, 338.21, 338.22, 338.28, 338.29, 339.3, 338.4; Generalized Pain: 338, 338.1, 338.11, 338.12, 338.18, 338.19, 780.96, 789, 789.07.
Other includes: Workers Compensation, North Carolina agencies/correctional facilities, bankruptcy, clinical denial, Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS), estates, facility billing, liabilities, Medicaid pending, management review, small claims, technical denial, VIP.