Table 3.
Results of logistic regression analysis for respiratory insufficiency (n=765)
| Characteristic | Univariate anlysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age at diagnosis per decade | 1.49 (1.31−1.70) | <0.001 | 1.13 (0.96−1.32) | 0.14 |
| Male sex | 0.90 (0.67−1.21) | 0.50 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | - | - | ||
| African-american | 1.45 (0.83−2.55) | 0.19 | ||
| Other | 1.39 (0.78−2.47) | 0.27 | ||
| BMI class kg-m−2 | ||||
| <18.5 | 3.29 (1.46−7.41) | 0.004 | ||
| 18.5−24.9 | - | - | ||
| 25−29.9 | 0.74 (0.53−1.04) | 0.08 | ||
| ≥30 | 0.82 (0.55−1.22) | 0.33 | ||
| Diagnosis delay per year | 0.93 (0.84−1.01) | 0.09 | 0.77 (0.67−0.88) | <0.001 |
| El Escorial criteria | ||||
| Definite ALS | - | - | ||
| Possible ALS | 0.4 (0.26−0.61) | <0.001 | ||
| Probable ALS | 0.38 (0.25−0.58) | <0.001 | ||
| Suspected ALS | 0.29 (0.19−0.46) | <0.001 | ||
| Symptom onset site | ||||
| Limb | - | - | - | - |
| Bulbar | 1.62 (1.15−2.30) | 0.006 | 1.70 (1.08−2.67) | 0.02 |
| FVC per 10% decrease | 2.65 (2.30−3.06) | <0.001 | 2.36 (2.04−2.74) | <0.001 |
| ALSFRS-R total score per 6 decrease | 2.12 (1.80−2.50) | <0.001 | 1.59 (1.29−1.95) | <0.001 |
| ALSFRS-R dyspnoea score | ||||
| >2 | - | - | - | - |
| ≤2 | 4.67 (2.98−7.31) | <0.001 | 1.82 (1.02−3.26) | 0.04 |
| ALSFRS-R orthopnoea score | ||||
| >2 | - | - | ||
| ≤2 | 7.29 (3.89−13.65) | <0.001 | ||
| Smoking history | ||||
| Never | - | - | ||
| Previous | 1.33 (0.98−1.82) | 0.07 | ||
| Current | 0.87 (0.52−1.47) | 0.603 | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 1.73 (1.06−2.83) | 0.03 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.8 (1.74−4.50) | <0.001 | ||
| Hypertension | 1.57 (1.16−2.11) | 0.003 | ||
BMI: body mass index; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; FVC: forced vital capacity; ALSFRS-R: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale-revised.