Table 3.

Association between medical marijuana laws (MML) and marijuana treatment admissions by pregnant women per 100,000 women, potential pathways

	Ease of Access				Tx Referral Source
	Legal Dispensaries Full sample	Youth Subsample	Adult Subsample			Healthcare Provider Subsample	Criminal Justice Subsample	Other Sources Subsample
MML	4.11***	0.32	5.50***			1.12*	0.6	2.55**
	[1.24, 6.99]	[−3.01, 3.65]	[1.52, 9.47]			[−0.13, 2.37]	[−0.51, 1.71]	[0.48, 4.63]
Dispensary	6.37*
	[−0.97, 13.70]
Mean	14.34	6.36	15.77			2.74	4.03	7.22
N	606	606	606			602	602	602

Source: Treatment Episode Data Set Admissions, 2002–2014.

Notes: Coefficients are based on a difference-in-differences approach that estimates changes in outcomes and accounts for controls. Controls include state unemployment rates, beer excise tax rates, Medicaid income eligibility thresholds for pregnant women, the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansions, pain clinic laws, prescription drug monitoring program operations and mandates, and recreational marijuana laws. The dispensary indicator captures the differential effect of MMLs in states with operational and legally protected dispensaries. The youth subsample includes marijuana treatment admissions by women ages 12 to 17 and the adult subsample includes marijuana treatment admissions by women ages 18 to 49. The mean captures average outcomes 2 years prior to MML implementation for MML states. Confidence intervals are in parentheses.

^***p<0.01,

^**p<0.05,

^*p<0.1