Table 1.
General characteristics, perinatal complications and pregnancy outcomes among the whole study population (*percentage of all the vaginal deliveries)
| Median (IQR) or n(%) | Maternal age | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30-34 (n = 594) | 35-39 (n = 298) | ≥40 (n = 58) | ||
| Demographic features | ||||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 21.97 (4.53) | 21.61 (4.19) | 24.22 (3.12) | |
| Previous caesarean delivery | 166 (28) | 114 (38.3) | 19 32.8 | |
| Gravidity | ||||
| 1st | 238 (40) | 54 (18.1) | 9 (15.5) | |
| 2nd | 233 (39) | 119 (40) | 14 (24.1) | |
| 3rd | 78 (13) | 77 (25.8) | 20 (34.5) | |
| 4th | 33 (6) | 27 (9.1) | 9 (15.5) | |
| ≥5th | 12 (2) | 21 (7) | 6 (10.4) | |
| Parity | ||||
| 1st | 266 (44.8) | 75 (25.2) | 14 (24.1) | |
| 2nd | 273 (46) | 150 (50.3) | 22 (38) | |
| 3rd | 37 (6.2) | 59 (19.8) | 18 (31) | |
| 4th | 12 (2) | 11 (3.7) | 3 (5.2) | |
| ≥5th | 6 (1) | 3 (1) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Pregnancy complications | ||||
| Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) | 52 (8.8) | 19 (6.4) | 8 (13.8) | |
| Hypothyroidism | 229 (38.6) | 106 (35.6) | 18 (31) | |
| Anaemia | 61 (10.3) | 23 (7.7) | 4 (6.9) | |
| Placenta praevia | 8 (1.3) | 3 (1) | 2 (3.4) | |
| PROM | 24 (4) | 11 (3.7) | 4 (6.9) | |
| Oligohydramnios | 13 (2.2) | 5 (1.7) | 2 (3.4) | |
| Polyhydramnios | 5 (0.8) | 4 (1.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Caesarean section | 361 (60.8) | 193 (64.8) | 45 (77.6) | |
| Emergency C-section | 113 (19) | 62 (20.8) | 12 (20.7) | |
| Elective C-section | 248 (41.8) | 131 (44) | 33 (56.9) | |
| Non-induced vaginal delivery | 172 (29) | 87 (29.2) | 11 (19) | |
| Induced vaginal delivery | 61 (10.2) | 18 (6) | 2 (3.4) | |
| Perinatal outcome | ||||
| Gestational age at delivery | 39 (1+5) | 38+6 (1+2) | 38+4 (1+3) | |
| Preterm birth | 65 (10.9) | 40 (13.4) | 9 (15.5) | |
| Birth asphyxia | 48 (8.1) | 22 (7.4) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Lack of progress of labour | 27 (4.5) | 4 (1.3) | 1 (1.7) | |
| Postpartum haemorrhage | 5 (0.8) | 1 (0.3) | 3 (5.2) | |
| Episiotomy | 104 (44.6*) | 39 (37.1*) | 3 (23.1*) | |
| Perineal tears | 66 (28.3*) | 23 (21.9*) | 5 (38.5*) | |
| Neonatal outcome | ||||
| Birth weight [g] | 3320 (640) | 3350 (698) | 3275 (510) | |
| Macrosomy | 4 (6.7) | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0) | |
| SGA | 43 (7.2) | 16 (5.4) | 3 (5.2) | |
| LGA | 52 (8.8) | 32 (10.7) | 10 (17.2) | |
| APGAR score: | 0-3 | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) |
| 4-6 | 4 (6.7) | 1 (0.3) | 2 (3.4) | |
| 7-10 | 588 (99) | 296 (99.3) | 56 (96.6) | |
| Stillbirth | 2 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Congenital anomalies | 37 (6.2) | 20 (6.7) | 3 (5.2) | |