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. 2019 Aug 6;9:11388. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47827-9

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The effects of maternal transmission of Igf2r^I1565A/+p on brain growth. (a) Brain weights at E18.5 are significantly increased in heterozygote Igf2r^I1565A/+p compared to wild-type littermates (**p = 0.0079 Mann-Whitney test). (b) E18.5 mouse developing brain coronal image derived from the Allen Developing Mouse Brain Atlas (http://developingmouse.brain-map.org/experiment/siv?id=100054035&imageId=101103438&initImage=nissl). Box indicates the cerebral cortex region of the lateral ventricle in which the pH3 positive cell numbers in (c) were assessed. (c) Immuno-localisation in 50 µm coronal brain sections of phospho-histone H3 at E18.5 in wild-type and Igf2r^I1565A/+p heterozygous littermates. (d) Quantification of pH3 positive cell numbers obtained from confocal images (z-stacks) of the ventricular zone (VZ), subventricular zone (SVZ) and in both of these regions (Total) from single brain sections of wild-type (n = 8) and Igf2r^I1565A/+p (n = 9) littermates. Proliferation as judged by this biomarker was increased in both the VZ and SVZ in heterozygote Igf2r^I1565A/+p compared to wild-type littermates (**Total p = 0.0025, **VZ p = 0.0084, *SVZ p = 0.0117, unpaired one-tailed t-test). (e) Immuno-localisation in 50 µm coronal brain sections of cortical layer marker, CTip2, at E18.5 in wild-type and Igf2r^I1565A/+p heterozygous littermates. (g) Quantification of the relative size and position of the CTip2 positive band in wild-type (n = 8) and Igf2r^I1565A/+p heterozygous (n = 9) littermates. (Non-significant; Ctip2 p = 3365, Ctip2 to dorsal p = 0.4040, Ctip2 to ventricle p = 0.5989, unpaired one-tailed t-test). Scale bars 100 µm. Box plots: horizontal line = mean, box 95% ± whiskers maximum and minimum.