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. 2019 Aug 6;10:3536. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11302-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Adipocyte TonEBP expression is elevated in obesity and TonEBP-deficient mice resist obesity. a TonEBP mRNA levels in iWAT, eWAT, BAT, muscle, and liver from C57BL/6 J mice fed with CD (chow diet, n = 5) or HFD (high-fat diet, n = 7) for 16 weeks. b Immunoblots (top) and quantification of protein levels (bottom) of TonEBP and Hsc70 in iWAT and eWAT (CD, n = 4; HFD, n = 6). c Correlation of TONEBP mRNA levels in human subcutaneous adipocytes and BMI (n = 15). TonEBP mRNA (d) and representative immunoblots (e, top) and quantification of protein levels (e, bottom) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes transfected with miR-negative control (NC), miR-30b (30b), or miR-30c (30c) (n = 4). f–i TonEBP^+/Δ mice ( + /Δ) and their TonEBP^+/+ littermates (+/+) were fed with CD or HFD as indicated. f Changes in body weight after a switch to HFD (CD+/+, n = 7; CD + /Δ, n = 7; HFD+/+, n = 13; HFD+/Δ, n = 11). g Representative images of animals fed with HFD. h Body weight, height, fat mass, and lean mass (n = 8). i Representative images (top) and weight (bottom) of fat pads from HFD-fed animals (n = 4). n represents number of biologically independent samples (a–c, i) or animals (f–h) or independent experiments with triplicate (d, e). All data are presented as mean + s.e.m. (a, b, f, h, i) or + s.d. (d, e). AU, arbitrary unit. The p-values are determined by unpaired t-test (a,b, h, i) or one-way ANOVA (d–f). *p < 0.05 vs. CD (a), NC (d), or +/+ (f, h, i). Source data are provided as a Source Data file