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. 2019 Jul 31;11:198. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00198

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Copyright © 2019 Lubec, Smidak, Malikovic, Feyissa, Korz, Höger and Lubec.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Performance in the hole-board test. (A) Schematic of the hole-board maze, a non-sophisticated paradigm for the evaluation of spatial memory. Animals have to learn and remember position of four baited holes during 3 days in 10 trials. (B) From a large cohort of 160 male Sprague–Dawley rats, 22–24 months old, impaired and unimpaired performers were selected based on their mean Reference Memory Index (RMI) derived from trial 6 and 10 ± 1 standard deviation (SD). The dashed line indicates the mean of mean RMIs. (C) Performance of young, aged impaired (AI) and aged unimpaired (AU) rats in the hole-board test. The data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 9. AU animals performed the task comparable to young rats.