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. 2019 Jul 31;10:1730. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01730

TABLE 1.

Means (M), Standard Deviations (SD), and Reliabilities (α) for all measures.

Domain School
Math
German
Intelligence
Variables M SD α M SD α M SD α M SD α
ASC 3.53 0.54 0.82 3.26 1.01 0.95 3.59 0.82 0.92
Task values 3.72 0.68 0.90 3.38 0.90 0.93 3.67 0.79 0.92
LG 3.83 0.58 0.83 3.65 0.77 0.88 3.77 0.67 0.86
P-ApG 2.49 0.82 0.85 3.12 0.84 0.88 2.46 0.81 0.85
P-AvG 3.24 0.75 0.89 2.41 0.81 0.89 3.17 0.77 0.89
WA 2.60 0.85 0.91 2.61 0.90 0.91 2.64 0.87 0.92
HfS 2.71 0.61 0.88 2.65 0.79 0.92 2.64 0.68 0.91
FoF 1.95 0.66 0.90 1.99 0.71 0.90 1.88 0.68 0.91
Grade 4.13 0.67 3.98 1.11 4.16 0.87
g 108.84 17.76 0.90
Numerical 34.59 6.09 0.89
Verbal 40.15 9.38 0.71

N = 345 students. ASC, ability self-concept; LG, learning goals; P-ApG, performance-approach goals; P-AvG, performance-avoidance goals; WA, work avoidance; HfS, hope for success; FoF, fear of failure; g, general intelligence; Numerical, numeric intelligence; Verbal, verbal intelligence. Grades were recoded.