TABLE 4.

Comparison of changes in hormonal responses from pre to post Test², within and between reproductive function groups.

	Test2: change from pre to post within and between groups
	Within group				Between groups
	EUM (n = 16)		FHA (n = 14)
		p-Value		p-Value		p-Value
Prolactin (μg/L)	176.9 ± 34.1	<0.001	148.4 ± 34.1	<0.001	28.5 ± 48.2	0.554
ACTH (μg/L)	67.2 ± 12.1	<0.001	65.1 ± 12.5	<0.001	−2.1 ± 17.4	0.902
Cortisol (nmol/L)	53.8 ± 37.5	0.151	98.6 ± 37.5	0.008	−44.9 ± 53.0	0.397
GH (μg/L)	15.7 ± 2.2	<0.001	12.9 ± 2.1	<0.001	2.8 ± 3.0	0.355
IGF-1 (μg/L)	28.0 ± 4.6	<0.001	39.3 ± 4.3	<0.001	−11.3 ± 6.3	0.074
IGFBP-3 (μg/L)	0.6 ± 0.6	0.321	2.1 ± 0.5	<0.001	−1.5 ± 0.8	0.048
Insulin (pmol/L)	6.2 ± 14.8	0.675	13.7 ± 14.2	0.332	−7.5 ± 20.5	0.712
Prolactin:cortisol	0.60 ± 0.15	<0.001	0.23 ± 0.15	0.116	0.37 ± 0.21	0.071
Cortisol:insulin	0.004 ± 0.003	0.202	0.008 ± 0.003	0.005	−0.004 ± 0.004	0.310
GH:cortisol	0.058 ± 0.010	<0.001	0.329 ± 0.010	0.001	0.025 ± 0.014	0.082
GH:insulin	5.318 ± 1.450	<0.001	4.376 ± 1.391	0.002	0.942 ± 2.008	0.639
IGF-1:IGFBP-3	0.92 ± 1.22	0.454	−2.04 ± 1.2	0.080	2.96 ± 1.70	0.081
IGF:cortisol	0.001 ± 0.098	0.991	−0.051 ± 0.093	0.585	0.052 ± 0.135	0.700
BDNF (μg/L)	34.4 ± 23.5	0.143	96.5 ± 22.9	<0.001	−62.1 ± 32.8	0.058

Data shown as mean and standard error. EUM, Eumenorrheic athletes; athletes with FHA, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor; GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin like growth factor 1; IGFBP-3, insulin like growth factor binding protein 3.