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. 2019 Aug 7;9:11477. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47942-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of bacterial isolates on invasion of Meloidogyne hapla J2 into tomato roots. Bacterial isolates from the cuticle of M. hapla, the control strain E. coli EK5-23, or sterile water were inoculated to the rhizosphere of tomato plants five days before inoculation of M. hapla J2. The isolates that were used were K6 (Microbacterium sp.), BS1-2 (Sphingopyxis sp.), i.44 (Microbacterium sp.), BS1-7 (Brevundimonas sp.), and E1 (Acinetobacter sp.). The number of invaded J2 was determined after root staining with acid fuchsin. Stars indicate significant differences to the control without inoculated bacteria (Dunnett test, n = 10). Error bars represent standard deviations.