Cerebellar circuitry. (a) The main connections of the cortico-cerebellar loop. Numbers indicate rough estimates of the number of projections, or cells in the human brain in millions (M). (b) Local circuit in the cerebellum. Every granule cell receives 4–5 mossy fibers and gives rise to a single parallel fiber. Each Purkinje cell receives input from ~175,000 parallel fibers, as well as from a single climbing fiber that originates in the inferior olive. Purkinje cells send inhibitory projection to cells in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN). The inhibitory interneurons (mainly Golgi, Stellate, and Basket cells) complete the circuit.