Table 1.
Patient demographics, surgical and anaesthetic details
| Control | Intervention | |
|---|---|---|
| n = 120 | n = 121 | |
| Age (years) | 85.7 (7.5), range 57–103 | 87.3 (6.1), range 67–98 |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 65 (54%) | 75 (62%) |
| Male | 55 (46%) | 46 (38%) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.7 (4.5) | 24.0 (4.4) |
| BSA (m2) | 1.7 (0.2) | 1.7 (0.2) |
| Co-morbidities | ||
| Hypertension | 67 (56%) | 63 (53%) |
| Angina | 14 (12%) | 12 (10%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 24 (20%) | 34 (28%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 10 (8%) | 14 (12%) |
| CABG | 7 (6%) | 2 (2%) |
| Heart failure | 7 (6%) | 2 (1.7%) |
| Chronic renal failure | 14 (12%) | 18 (15%) |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 28 (23%) | 16 (13%) |
| Diabetes | 21 (18%) | 14 (12%) |
| COPD | 8 (7%) | 13 (11%) |
| Baseline BP | ||
| Systolic (mmHg) | 145.0 (27.8), 46–222, n = 119 | 142.5 (25.3), 72–231, n = 120 |
| Diastolic (mmHg) | 75.1 (14.0), 46–110, n = 119 | 74.1 (14.8), 32–108, n = 120 |
| Mean (mmHg) | 98.7 (17.6), 61–159 | 98.9 (17.9), 48–148 |
| ASA grade | ||
| 1 | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) |
| 2 | 12 (10%) | 23 (19%) |
| 3 | 83 (69%) | 75 (62%) |
| 4 | 25 (21%) | 22 (18%) |
| Anaesthetic | ||
| General | 70 (58%) | 64 (53%) |
| Spinal | 50 (42%) | 56 (47%) |
| Sedation (% of spinal patients) | 45 (90%) | 44 (77%) |
| Block | 62 (52%) | 64 (53%) |
| Type of block | ||
| Fascia iliaca | 34 (28%) | 38 (32%) |
| Femoral | 28 (23%) | 24 (20%) |
| Unknown | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) |
| n/a | 58 (48%) | 57 (47%) |
| Grade of surgeon | ||
| Consultant | 43 (36%) | 42 (35%) |
| Fellow | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) |
| SPR | 55 (46%) | 62 (51%) |
| Staff grade | 22 (18%) | 14 (12%) |
| Not known | 0 (0%) | 1 (1%) |
| Surgery duration (mins) | 69.2 (27.8), 13–181 | 65.0 (22.4), 6–148 |
| Cemented implant (yes) | 58 (48%) | 58 (48%) |
| Implant | ||
| Cannulated screws | 3 (3%) | 3 (3%) |
| DHS | 37 (31%) | 45 (37%) |
| Gamma nail | 13 (11%) | 9 (7%) |
| Hemi-arthroplasty | 64 (53%) | 59 (49%) |
| THR | 3 (3%) | 5 (4%) |
Note some percentage in each group may not add up to 100% due to rounding. All numbers are mean (SD) and range unless otherwise expressed as a percentage