Table 1.
Studies of association between Clock and Adcyap1 allele lengths, migratory behaviors, and breeding latitude in birds
| Gene | Study | Species | Phenology | Migratory propensity | breeding latitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clock | Johnsen et al. (2007) | Bluethroat, Luscinia svecica | 0 | ||
| Blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus | + | ||||
| Liedvogel et al. (2009) | Blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus | +/0a | |||
| Liedvogel and Sheldon (2010) | Great tit, Parus major | 0 | |||
| Dor et al. (2011) | Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica | 0 | |||
| Mueller et al. (2011) | Eurasian blackcaps, Sylvia atricapilla | 0 | |||
| Caprioli et al. (2012) | Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica | +/0a | |||
| Dor et al. (2012) | Swallows, Tachycineta | 0 | 0 | ||
| Chakarov et al. (2013) | Common buzzard, Buteo buteo | 0 | |||
| Peterson et al. (2013) | Dark‐eyed junco, Junco hyemalis | + | |||
| Kuhn et al. (2013) | Pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca | 0 | 0 | ||
| Bazzi et al. (2015) | Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica | + | |||
| Bourret and Garant (2015) | Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor | + | |||
| Saino et al. (2015) | Nightingale, Luscinia megarhynchos | + | |||
| Pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypolecua | 0 | ||||
| Tree pipit, Anthus trivialis | +/0a | ||||
| Winchat, Saxicola ruberta | 0 | ||||
| Bazzi et al. (2016) | WILSON'S warbler, Cardellina pusilla | 0 | 0 | ||
| Bazzi et al. (2017) | Willow warbler, Phylloscopus trochilus | 0 | |||
| Contina et al. (2018) | Painted bunting, Passerina ciris | 0 | 0 | ||
| Romano et al. (2018) | Yellow‐legged gull, Larus michahellis | 0 | |||
| Adcyap1 | Mueller et al. (2011) | Eurasian blackcaps, Sylvia atricapilla | + | ||
| Chakarov et al. (2013) | Common buzzard, Buteo buteo | − | |||
| Peterson et al. (2013) | Dark‐eyed junco, Junco hyemalis | + | |||
| Bourret and Garant (2015) | Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor | −/+b | |||
| Mettler et al. (2015) | Eurasian blackcaps, Sylvia atricapilla | −/0a | |||
| Saino et al. (2015) | Nightingale, Luscinia megarhynchos | 0 | |||
| Pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypolecua | 0 | ||||
| Tree pipit, Anthus trivialis | 0 | ||||
| Winchat, Saxicola ruberta | 0 | ||||
| Bazzi et al. (2016) | Wilson's warbler, Cardellina pusilla | 0 | 0/+ | ||
| Bazzi et al. (2017) | willow warbler, Phylloscopus trochilus | 0 | |||
| Contina et al. (2018) | Painted bunting, Passerina ciris | 0 | 0 | ||
| Romano et al. (2018) | Yellow‐legged gull, Larus michahellis | 0 |
Migratory propensity includes studies of migratory restlessness, distance, and duration. Symbols indicate positive (+), negative (−), or no observed relationships (0).
a
Relationships that varied by sex (F/M).
b
Relationships that varied by latitude (low latitude/high latitude).