Table 2.
Predictors of Ancylostoma load (eggs/g feces) in juvenile spotted hyenas (N = 154) as estimated by a mixed‐effect negative binomial regression
| Fixed effect | Estimate | SE | CI | z | p | df | G | p | AIC | ΔAIC | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low | Low | ||||||||||
| (Intercept) | 10.45 | 1.83 | NA | NA | 5.70 | <0.001 | |||||
| Age at sampling | −0.01 | 0.001 | NA | NA | −5.48 | <0.001 | 1 | 22.14 | <0.001 | 2,584.6 | 20.1 |
| No. of coinfecting GI parasite taxa* | 0.41 | 0.13 | NA | NA | 3.22 | 0.001 | 1 | 10.59 | 0.001 | 2,573.1 | 8.6 |
| Clan Isiaka** | 1.76 | 0.65 | NA | NA | 2.73 | 0.01 | 2 | 8.59 | 0.01 | 2,569.1 | 4.6 |
| Clan Mamba** | 1.68 | 0.73 | NA | NA | 2.29 | 0.02 | |||||
| Maternal rank (high > low) | −0.39 | 0.25 | NA | NA | −1.55 | 0.12 | 1 | 2.60 | 0.11 | 2,565.1 | 0.6 |
| Number of adult clan members | −0.06 | 0.03 | NA | NA | −2.09 | 0.04 | 1 | 15.17 | <0.001 | 2,577.7 | 13.2 |
| Number of juvenile clan members | 0.05 | 0.03 | NA | NA | 1.37 | 0.17 | 1 | 1.89 | 0.17 | 2,564.4 | −0.1 |
Potential predictors included age, coinfection (scored as the number of other gastrointestinal parasite taxa), clan membership, and maternal social status. Shown are the model parameter estimates, their standard errors (SE) in natural log units, and z‐values with associated p‐value. Positive (negative) estimates indicate that an increase in the value of the parameter increased (reduced) egg load. Also shown are the tests for the significance of each parameter using log‐likelihood ratio tests (G), with associated p‐values and the values for the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for each alternative model when the specific predictor was removed. AIC for the full model was 2,564.5.
Abbreviations: GI, gastrointestinal.
Presence of one or more of the following taxa: Cystoisospora, Diphyllobothrium, Dipylidium, Taeniidae, Spirurida, Trichuris.
Clan Pool was reference clan.