Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Participants Who Tested Seropositive for Anti-HEV IgG in the NHANES III, 1991–1994
| Characteristics | All Participants (n = 6272) |
Non-Hispanic Whites (n = 2434) |
Non-Hispanic Blacks (n = 1919) |
Mexican Americans (n =1919) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (95% CI)* | P† | % (95% CI) | P | % (95% CI) | P | % (95% CI) | P | |
| Total | 21.6 (18.6–24.4) | <0.001 | 22.3 (19.1–25.7) | 15.3 (12.3–19.0) | 21.8 (19.0–25.3) | |||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 22.1 (18.4–26.3) | 0.43 | 22.8 (18.5–27.8) | 0.62 | 15.1 (11.2–20.0) | 0.83 | 25.5 (21.8–29.7) | 0.004 |
| Female | 20.7 (18.0–23.7) | 21.7 (18.6–25.2) | 15.5 (12.4–19.3) | 18.0 (14.6–22.1) | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| 12–19 | 3.6 (2.2–6.6) | 3.3 (1.4–7.4) | 5.1 (2.9–8.7) | 5.0 (3.1–7.9) | ||||
| 20–29 | 8.7 (5.6–13.3) | 7.9 (4.3–514.0) | 7.1 (4.3–11.5) | 17.3 (12.7–23.2) | ||||
| 30–44 | 18.5 (15.1–22.4) | <0.001 | 18.8 (14.7–23.7) | <0.001 | 14.0 (10.7–18.2) | <0.001 | 24.3 (21.7–27.5) | <0.001 |
| 45–64 | 33.3 (28.0–39.1) | 33.6 (27.4–40.3) | 28.3 (23.0–34.4) | 39.4 (33.2–45.9) | ||||
| ≥65 | 40.4 (36.3–44.6) | 41.1 (36.5–45.6) | 32.6 (23.4–43.4) | 44.0 (34.9–53.5) | ||||
| Country of birth‡ | ||||||||
| United States | 20.3 (17.4–23.6) | <0.001 | 21.5 (18.2–25.2) | <0.001 | 15.4 (12.3–19.1) | 0.8 | 10.2 (8.6–11.9) | <0.001 |
| Foreign-born | 32.0 (27.3 −37.1) | 35.9 (26.6–46.4) | 14.0 (6.2–28.6) | 32.5 (28.5–36.8) | ||||
| Region of residence§ | ||||||||
| Northeast | 21.3 (14.1–31.0) | 22.1 (14.0–33.1) | 14.4 (11.6–17.7) | 28.8 (11.3–56.2) | ||||
| Midwest | 24.9 (20.1–30.2) | 0.009 | 25.2 (20.6–30.4) | 0.01 | 21.4 (13.5–32.1) | 0.33 | 25.7 (22.7–29.0) | 0.02 |
| West | 24.7 (18.8–31.8) | 14.8 (11.6–18.7) | 13.8 (9.8–19.1) | 15.7 (11.6–20.8) | ||||
| South | 14.6 (11.7–18.2) | 25.8 (18.4–35.0) | 13.2 (9.8–17.6) | 23.7 (20.2–27.5) | ||||
| Poverty income ratio∥ | ||||||||
| >1 | 22.2 (19.3–25.5) | 0.02 | 23.0 (19.8–26.6) | 0.01 | 15.4 (12.5–18.8) | 0.83 | 20.6 (17.5–24.0) | 0.08 |
| ≤1 | 17.9 (14.7–21.7) | 17.3 (13.6–21.6) | 15.9 (10.7–23.0) | 23.7 (19.8–28.2) | ||||
| Education (years) | ||||||||
| <12 | 19.1 (15.9–22.7) | 0.01 | 18.7 (14.7–23.6) | 0.02 | 15.3 (11.6–20.0) | 0.9 | 25.4 (22.3–28.8) | <0.001 |
| ≥12 | 22.3 (19.5–25.3) | 23.4 (20.3–26.7) | 15.3 (12.4–18.8) | 16.0 (13.2–19.4) | ||||
Frequencies were adjusted using NHANES III genetic sample weights.
P value was calculated using the Wald chi-squared test based on the log OR. Having a pet in the home (P = 0.5); consuming liver or other organ meats (P = 0.27); and levels of alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.92), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.1), and C-reactive protein (P = 0.07) were not associated with increased odds of anti-HEV seropositivity.
Persons born outside of the United States and its territories were considered foreign-born.
Region was defined using standard Census Bureau groupings.
Poverty income ratio was calculated by dividing the total family income by the poverty threshold adjusted for family size at year of interview. Values <1 were considered below the poverty line.