Expression of anti-inflammatory M2 markers in the MSC–macrophage cocultured cells. The RNA expression of Arginase 1 (Arg1) (a) and CD206 (b) at day 1, 3, and 7 in the MSC–macrophage at bottom chamber were examined by quantitative PCR. (c) The bottom cells were stained by DAPI (nucleus staining), F4/80 (macrophage), Arg1, and CD206. NC: no particle control; cPE: contaminated polyethylene particles. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.005. Color images are available online.