TABLE 1—
Characteristics of Low-Income Childless Adults in Sample: United States, 2010–2016
| Medicaid Expansion States |
Medicaid Nonexpansion States |
|||
| Before Expansion (2010–2013; n = 9536) | After Expansion (2015–2016; n = 3986) | Before Expansion (2010–2013; n = 7277) | After Expansion (2015–2016; n = 3305) | |
| Race/ethnicity,a % | ||||
| White | 77.0 | 75.8 | 75.8 | 71.8 |
| Black | 14.0 | 13.8 | 18.1 | 21.7 |
| Hispanic | 13.7 | 14.4 | 11.7 | 11.1 |
| Place of residence,b % | ||||
| Urban | 34.0 | 35.5 | 25.6 | 25.8 |
| Suburban | 28.4 | 26.6 | 21.6 | 26.8 |
| Rural | 19.3 | 20.6 | 32.1 | 26.3 |
| Female, % | 48.4 | 47.4 | 46.5 | 48.4 |
| Unemployed, % | 42.0 | 46.2 | 39.8 | 43.5 |
| SNAP recipient, % | 21.9 | 22.9 | 20.7 | 19.2 |
| Mean y of education | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Very low food security, % | 17.6 | 15.9 | 17.4 | 17.5 |
Note. SNAP = Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
a
Other racial categories not shown. Hispanics can be any race.
b
Place of residence is used only in sensitivity analyses and is missing for 18.2% of the sample used in the main analyses.